the Geographical Distribution of Marine Species. 165 
grees of longitude, 48° to 49° F., during the last of April, 1841. 
The isocryme of 44° would probably reach the coast not far north 
of this place. The temperature on October 21, in the same lati- 
tude, but farther west, 147° west, was 52°08°F. On October 
16, in 50° north, 169° west, the temperature was 44°91° F. Ac- 
cording to some oceanic temperatures for the North Pacific, ob- 
tained from Lieutenant Maury, the sea-temperature off northern 
Niphon, in 41° north and 1424° east, was 44° F., in March, 
showing the influence of the cold Polar current; and in 429 
north, and 1493° east, it was 43° F. The line of 44° hence 
_ southward as far as latitude 40° north, on the Japan 
cain in March, in 43° 50/ north, 151° east, the sea-tempera- 
ture, was 41° F'.; in 44° 50’ north, 152° 10’ east, 39° F.; in 
46° 20/ north, 156° east, 33° F.; in 49° north, 157° east, 33° 
F.; and at the same time, west of Kamschatka, in 55° north, 
153° east, 38° F.; in 55° 50’ north, 153° west, 38° F. The 
line of 35° comegsetly makes a deep bend, nearly to 45° north, 
along the Kurile Islands. 
Sourn Paciric.—Isocrymes of 74°, 68°, and 62° F.—The 
temperature of the sea at et on ee 3d, was found by 
Vaillant, to be, in the river, from 703° 0 734° F, and at the 
Puna anchorage, August 5 to 12, 74:7° mig 75-2°F, But off the 
coast, August 15, in 2° 22/ south, 81° 42’ west, the temperature 
69-89 F.; and the next day, in 1° 25’ south, 84° 12/ west, it 
was 70° F'.; on the 17th, 1° south, 87° 42’ west, it was 71-28° 
F.; and on the 14th, nearer the shore of Guayaquil, in 3° 18’ 
south, 80° 28’ west, it was 78° F. Again, at Payta, one hundred 
miles south of Guayaquil, in 5° south, the oo was 
found by Vaillant, July 26 to 31, to be 60°8° to 614° F. The 
isocryme of 74° F., consequently leaves the coast just north of 
the bay of Guayaquil, while those of 68° and 62° F’., both com- 
mence between Guayaquil and Payta. Payta is situated so far 
and protected by it from a southern current. At the earls 
Fitzroy found the temperature as low as 583° FE’. on the 29t 
September, and the mean for the day was 62°. The average for 
September. was, however, nearer 66°. The Gallapagos appear 
therefore, to lie in the Warm Temperate Region, between the 
isocrymes of 62° and 68° F. Fitzroy, in going from Callao to 
the Gallapagos, early in September, left a sea-temperature of 57° 
F. at Callao, passed 62° F. in 9° 58’ north, and 79° 42’ west, and 
= the 15th, found 684° F. off Barrington Island, one of the Gal- 
a 
raged warm season, the cold waters about the oo need have 
narrow limits; Beechey found a sea-temperature of ° on the 
