in Anatomy and Physiology. 253 
These doctrines of homology, with different divisions of the 
animal kingdom, demand the fullest attention from anatomists 
and physiologists, for our most comprehensive ideas of organiza- 
tion, and our highest views of the nature and permanency of 
grand types in animal life, depend upon our discrimination care- 
fully between what constitutes a true homology, and what is 
merely a similarity of functional relations. In former times the 
writer, following Rathke and Geoffroy St. Hillaire, was the advo- 
cate, from embryological data, of thisalleged homology between 
the nervous centres of these two grand divisions of the animal 
kingdom. Subsequently, however, extended and enlarged views 
of the character of grand typical forms, have shown the inadmis- 
sibility of such doctrine, and we are pleased to find here so clear 
an exposition of the real character of this hypothesis.* 
assing over the details of the description of the cerebral cen- 
tres, and meeting our author at the cerebellum, we find some very 
noticeable remarks upon that disputed point, the function of this 
organ. He says: 
“The low degree of the development of the cerebellum in 
frogs, naturally suggests to us an inquiry as to the nature of its 
functions, and likewise leads to the couclusion, that, whatever 
those functions are, they must, on analogical grounds, be sup- 
low state of activity in comparison with the same 
organ in those animals in which it is proportiopately more largely 
developed. The low development of this organ in frogs and 
present time ; namely, those of Gall and Spurzheim on the one 
WwW : 
“ His theory, that the cerebellum codrdinates muscular motions, 
is opposed by numerous anatomical facts, as well as by some 
the results of pathology; for out of ninety-three cases of lesions 
of the cerebellum, Audral found but one to sustain the theory of 
Flourens. . . . . - + We will take one more illustration 
* Tt may not be out of plese i mention in this copnestion » workmich ie el 
deserving the attention of saree ical anatomists as to the point in tion ; 
viz., Observations de prima Insectorum genesi adjecta articulatorum evolutionis 
eum yertebratorum comparatione, Diss. Inaug. By Albert Kélliker, Turin, 1842. 
