1907] BRIEFER ARTICLES 339 
natural science impressed everyone with whom he came in contact. His 
work in Holland resulted not only in the development of the large collections 
at Hartecamp, but also in the publication of some of his greatest works. 
Twelve important works were published during the two and a half years 
spent in Holland among which were the following: Systema naturae, Musa 
Cliffortiana, Bibliotheca botanica, Fundamenta botanica, Flora Lapponica, 
Critica botanica, Hortus Cliffortianus, Genera plantarum, and Classes 
plantarum. 
On his return to Sweden, LinNAEUS was appointed surgeon of the 
admiralty and Regius Botanicus, and a few years afterward he was made 
Professor ordinarius at the University of Upsala (1741), and became the 
founder of the Museum Academicum. As a teacher, Lrynarus showed 
an indefatigable interest in his pupils; by lectures and excursions in the 
field he taught them how to study nature, and it was under his patronage 
that several young men were sent to foreign countries to make collections. 
In this way, and also through his numerous friends among foreign botanists, 
Linnaeus succeeded in accumulating an enormous mass of material for 
the completion of his work. 
His aim to make natural science popular was crowned with success. 
It is difficult to find a whole series of publications by one man, in which the 
materials of natural science are brought together and presented so intelli- 
gibly as in the works of LiynaEus. The simplicity that characterized his 
life was also expressed in his scientific methods. His ability to describe 
species of animals and plants in a very few words was unexcelled. He 
was the first to establish a system by which all plants might be readily 
classified, and although purely artificial this system has proved to be very 
useful, and is to some extent really a part of what we call now the natural 
system; and the terminology which he proposed is the one that is followed 
today. 
The credit for having introduced binomial nomenclature as a “general 
principle” also belongs to Liynagus. He was actually the founder of 
plant morphology and plant geography, which may be seen from the follow- 
ing dissertations: Prolepsis plantarum, Sponsalia plantarum, Gemmae 
arborum, and from the introductions to his Flora Lapponica, Hortus 
Upsaliensis, etc. He studied animals and plants as living organisms, as 
members of a great living world, and he outlined in a remarkably simple 
way the distinction that may be observed between species and varieties. 
His greatest talent consisted in his unique power to grasp nature as a whole 
and to classify; but to classify in the spirit of LINNAEUS 1s something 
more than is understood by classification in modern times. He was com- 
