cxviii FLORA OF TASMANIA. [Progress of Australian 
by starvation, of most of his party. Amongst the survivors was Mr. Carron, the botanist, whose 
narrative is full of excellent observations on the vegetation of the swampy and almost impracticable 
country traversed. It includes the notice of a Nepenthes, which, with the rest of the collection, was 
lost. Mr. M'Gillivray's herbarium was given to Sir W. Hooker, and contains several hundred species 
in excellent preservation. 
The only other English naval expedition remaining to be noticed is that of Captain Denham, 
now surveying the Pacific Islands in H.M.S. ' Herald/ He was accompanied by Mr. M'Gillivray 
and a botanical collector : and has sent some interesting collections from Lord Howe's Island, between 
Australia and New Zealand, and from Dirk Hartog's Island and Sharks Bay. 
The French Expeditions rank next in importance to the British. Of these the first is that of 
D'Entrecasteaux. In 1792 the French Expedition, under General D'Entrecasteaux, visited Tasmania 
and south-western Australia. Considerable collections were made by M. J. J. Labillardiere, who 
published figures and descriptions of 265 of the most interesting in his ' Novse-HollandiaiPlantarum 
Specimen/ 2 vols. 4to, Paris, 1804, and described a few others in the narrative of the voyage, 
which was written by himself, a work accompanied by folio plates of several of the plants. 
In 1800, the Expedition of Captain Baudin, in the ' Geographie/ ' Naturaliste/ and ' Casuarina/ 
left France on a voyage of discovery and survey along the shores of Australia. Out of a large staff 
of naturalists, MM. Leschenault de la Tour, the botanist,* and Biedle, Sautier, and Guichenot, all 
gardeners, seem to have been chiefly occupied with the botanical department, and formed large 
collections, which are now in the Jardin des Plantes. They were collected principally on the islands 
of the north-west and west coasts, in Tasmania and New South Wales. These were not published 
in a connected manner, but they gave rise to various papers, in the '. Memoires du Museum ' and 
' Annales du Museum/ by Desfontaines and others. 
Some general remarks on the botany of Australia and Tasmania are given by M. Leschenault in 
the second volume of the Narrative of the Expedition (4to, Paris, 1816) ; and many of the plants 
figured in the fine work of M. Yentenat, < Jardin Malmaison/ were introduced into Europe by the 
officers of this voyage. 
In 1818 and 1819, Captain Freycinet's Expedition in the French corvettes ( UramV and ' Phy- 
sicienne ' visited the Baie des Chiens Marins on the west coast of Australia, where considerable 
collections were made by M. Gaudichaud, and afterwards, at various parts of New South Wales, 
Port Jackson, Botany Bay, the Blue Mountains, etc. A few of the plants were published by the 
same naturalist and others,t in a quarto volume of letterpress and folio of plates (Paris, 1826). 
In 1824, Captain Duperrey visited Sydney in the corvette ' La Coquille/ on a voyage of discovery. 
She carried two naturalists, M. D'Urville (afterwards the celebrated Admiral, and an ardent bota- 
nical collector), and Lesson, an accomplished zoologist. A portion of the plants of this voyage were 
published in 1829, by MM. Brongniart, D'Urville, and Bory de St. Vincent, in a series of 78 folio 
plates, and a quarto volume of 232 pages ; both parts are however incomplete. 
In 1827 the French discovery-ship ' L' Astrolabe/ commanded by Captain D'Urville, visited 
Port Jackson; she was accompanied by M. Lesson, as naturalist. Some botanical collections were 
made, but more important ones were received from Mr. Fraser, Superintendent of the Sydney Botanic 
* Two other botanists, A. Michaux (afterwards author of the ■ Sylva Americana'), and J. Delisse, also embarked 
on this expedition, but left it at the Isle of France, on the outward voyage. Bory de St. Vincent, afterwards eminent 
as a botanist, embarked as zoologist, and was also left at the Isle of France. 
f The Lichens and Fungi by Persoon, Alga by Agardh, Mosses and Hepatic* by Schwsegrichen. 
