CXXV1 FLORA OF TASMANIA. {Progress of Australian 
Backhouse formed a considerable herbarium, and made copious MS. notes (now in the Hookerian 
Library), which he liberally gave where he thought they would be most useful. Amongst his plants 
are many collected by Mr. (now Sir William) M< Arthur, one of the most accomplished and zealous 
patrons of science in Australia. 
Baron Charles von Hiigel, the celebrated Austrian traveller, visited the Swan River colony in 
1833, and made considerable collections, some of which were published by Bentham, Fenzl, Schott, 
and Endlicher, in a work edited by the latter, and commenced in 1837, but never completed. 
In 1838, Dr. Ludwig Preiss arrived at Swan River, and resided there for four years, travelling 
often with Mr. Drummond, and collecting largely. His plants were sold in numbered sets, and a 
complete account of them, published by various authors, in two octavo volumes, edited by Dr. Lehmann 
of Hamburg, and containing upwards of 2,000 species, including Cryptogami<s. 
Early in 1839, Mr. James Drummond, a resident in the Swan River, at Hawthornden, near 
Guildford, commenced preparing for sale in Europe sets of the plants of his district, which include a 
vast number of novelties, and rival in interest and importance those of any other part of the world. 
Mr. Drummond's exertions were actively continued for upwards of fifteen years, during which he 
made extensive journeys as far as King George's Sound in a south-east direction, and the Moore and 
Murchison rivers to the northward. Some accounts of his journeys and discoveries will be found 
in the ' Botanical Journal/ vols, ii., iii., and iv., in the f London Journal of Botany,' vols, i., ii., and 
iii., and in the ' Kew Journal of Botany,' vols, i., ii., iv., v. 
Dr. Lindley's able ' Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony/ published in 1839, as 
an appendix to the ' Botanical Register/ is founded chiefly on Drummond's collections; and it con- 
tains a good account of many of the features of the climate and of the colony, many extremely valu- 
able botanical notes on the plants, and figures of eighteen. Dr. Lindlcy records his obligations to 
Captain Mangles, R.N., and R. Mangles, Esq., and notices a paper on Western Australia by Dr. 
Milligan, published in the ' Madras Journal' for 1837. 
Mr. J. T. Bidwill, a gentleman long resident both in Sydney and New Zealand, and possessed of a 
remarkable love of botany and knowledge of Australian plants, visited Moreton Bay and Wide Bay, 
and formed an excellent herbarium, which included many novelties, and was transmitted to Sir W. 
Hooker. Mr. Bidwill accompanied me in my excursions around Port Jackson, and impressed me 
deeply, both then and afterwards in England, with the extent of his knowledge and fertile talents. He 
was the discoverer of the Araucaria which bears his name, and of many other rare and interesting 
Australian and New Zealand plants. He died in 1851, from the effects of over-exertion, when cutting 
his way through the forests of eastern Australia, between Wide Bay and Moreton Bay. He was at 
the time engaged in marking out a new road, but lost his way, and after eight days' starvation was 
rescued, but only to succumb in acute pain to the injuries he had received. 
In 1854, Dr. Harvey, F.R.S., Professor of Botany in Dublin, visited Australia for the purpose of 
investigating the Algology of its shores ; he landed at King George's Sound, went overland to Swan 
River and Cape Riche, then to Melbourne, Tasmania, and Sydney, forming magnificent collections of 
Alga, many of which have been already published in the c Phycologia Australia/ in this work, and 
elsewhere. Amongst the many zealous collectors of the Alga of the coast, not elsewhere mentioned 
in this sketch, are G. Clifton, Esq., of Fremantle, Dr. Curdie, of Geelong, Mr. Rawlinson, and Mr. 
Layard, of Melbourne, and in Tasmania, Mrs. M'Donald Smith, Mrs. W. S. Sharland, and especiaUy 
the Rev. John Fercday, of Georgetown. 
In 1839-42, Count Strzelecki, F.R.S., the accomplished Polish traveller, traversed the south- 
