240. BOTANICAL GAZETTE. [ September, 
seeds are easily blown in by the wind, and seeds of the occa- 
sional pines come from neighboring territory. Pinus Bank- 
siana, however, is specially adapted to seed itself in the same 
place by the persistent closure of the cones, which are borne 
even by very young (five-year old) trees. Only unusually 
dry weather, the death of the tree or the heat from a fire wi 
cause the scales to open and allow the seeds to escape. Of 
seeds 2-4 years old, 95 per cent. germinated ; from 4-6 years 
old, 85 per cent. 
[After a few questions, further discussion of the paper 
was postponed until Monday morning, when Mr. Fernow 
Discovery of the production of immunity from contagious dis- 
eases produced by chemical substances formed during bac: 
terial multiplication : by D. E. Satmon. . 
he author discussed and answered objections to this 
theory of immunity, which was presented to the Association 
in 18 6. MM. Duclaux, Roux and Chamberland endeavor 
to minimize his discovery and claim priority, though the 
wor 18 more recent. The early experiments were defende 
and their demonstrative character shown. The author, there- 
fore, continues to claim priority. 
[No discussion. | 
BRIEFER ARTICLES. 
The Botanical Exchange Club.—As there is no regular committee 
ee rt on the Exchange Club, and as that club owes an account of itse 
to its parent, the Botanical Club of the A. A. A.S., the following informal 
At one of the sessions of the club held during the New York meetiné 
that a botanic 
co : similiar to those existing in Europe, be formed 1p ok 
o eign C) suggestion met with the hearty approval of many ae 
rt club. A committee, consisting of Dr. George Vasey, Dr. D 
atson, Dr. N, L. Britton, Rev. Thomas Morong and Prof. a 
ted, was appointed with power to act for the club, and to rep! 
j 
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