66 FLORA OF TASMANIA. [Juncee. 
Has. Abundant in marshy places throughout the Island.—(Fl. all summer.) (v. v.) | = 
Distrib. Throughout extratropical Australia; New Zealand; North and South Africa? Sardinia? 
North America? India? 
A very common plant, easily recognized from its Tasmanian allies by its short, creeping rhizome; tall, stout, 
leafy culms, 1-2 feet high; articulate, laterally compressed leaves; long leaf-like involucre; and BE cyme 
bearing heads of flowers. Small states have the leaves grassy and hardly articulate.—Perianths acuminate. Cap- 
sule acuminate, one-celled. 
$ 3. Rhizomes perennial, creeping. Leaves terete or none. Inflorescence lateral. 
8. Juncus maritimus (Lamk. Encyc. Bot. iii. 264) ; elatus, culmo nudo foliisque radicalibus tereti- 
bus, panicula laterali corymbosa, ramis umbellatis, floribus glomeratis, perianthii foliolis exterioribus acutis 
capsulam oblongam obtusam «equantibus, staminibus 6, seminibus oblongis angulatis, testa utrinque laxa.— 
Br. Prodr. 258; Kunth, En. iti. 322; E. Meyer, in Plant. Preiss. ìi. 46; Fl. N. Zeal. i. 262. (Gunn, 
980.) 
Has. Common in salt and brackish marshes, sometimes on moist sand-hills.— (Fl. Dec.) (v. v.) 
Disrris. Extratropical Australia, New Zealand, Europe and temperate Asia, North and South Africa, 
and North and South America. 
A tall, coarse Rush, the largest in Tasmania except J. vaginatus, from which it is at once distinguished by the 
glomerate flowers, and long, terete, pungent leaves at the base of the culm.—Rhizome very stout, creeping. Sheath 
of leaves red-brown. Culms 2-3 feet high, more slender in drier places than in moist. Inflorescence rather crowded, 
lateral, dark brown. Flowers small. Capsules blunt, about as long as the perianth, dark brown, as are the ripe 
seeds. Stamens 6. 
9. Juncus australis (Hook. fil.) ; culmo nudo tereti gracili basi vaginato, vaginis obtusis acuminatisve, 
panicula pallida laterali globosa densiflora v, ramis elongatis paucis glomerulas dense congestas gerentibus, 
perianthiis acuminatis capsulam sub-1-locularem obovatam pallidam subzquantibus, staminibus 3, semini- 
bus oblongis, testa pallida levi utrinque producta. (Gunn, 566, 567, 568.) (Tas. CXXXIV. 4.) 
Has. Common in various parts of the Island. —(Fl. Nov.) (v. v.) 
DrsrarB. Victoria and Swan River, New Zealand. 
A slender species as compared with J. maritimus and vaginatus, the culms being about as thick as those of 
J. communis, from which it differs in the dense inflorescence, very acuminate perianth, and three stamens. The 
whole plant, culms, flowers, capsule, and seeds, are of a pale colour, but not so white as J. pallidus.— Flowers 
sometimes collected into a solitary, dense, globose capitulum ; in other cases the panicle branches a little, and bears 
dense masses of glomeruli. The Australian specimens have the sheaths at the bases of the culms long and atte- 
nuate, acuminate. I have only one very small Tasmanian specimen with rhizome and bases of culms, in which the 
sheaths are short and blunt, probably from not being fully developed; my numerous other Tasmanian specimens 
have unfortunately been collected without the rhizome and base of the culm. The plant above described differs 
from Brown's characters of J. pallidus, in the flowers being far too much crowded to be called alternate and sub- 
imbricate, and though the inflorescence is much looser in the Australian specimens, from the lengthening of the 
branches of the panicle, the flowers are even more densely glomerate than in J. maritimus.—PrLATE CXXXIV. A. 
Fig. 1, flower; 2; outer sepal; 3, inner ditto; 4, stamen; 5, ovary; 6, capsule in perianth; 7, ditto, removed; 
8, valve of ditto, and seed; 9, seed; 10, vertical section of seed :—all magnified. 
10. Juncus pallidus (Br. Prodr. 258, non Kunth, etc.) ; elatus, 
natis tecto, vaginis interdum folia brevia teretia gerentibus ? 
libus, ramulis congestis, 
culmo nudo basi foliis longe vagi- 
, panicula laterali albida ramosa, ramis insequa- 
floribus alternis subimbricatis majusculis, perianthiis acutis capsula pallida ovali 
