Marcu 3, 1904] 
WA TORE 
could be observed between motor nerve trunk and the proto- 
plasmic body of the myoepithelial cell, of which, indeed, 
the former was merely a tail-like prolongation. In regard 
to the myotomes, it was pointed out that the greater part 
of the fully-formed muscle segment was derived from the 
outer wall of the myotome. pier: H. Bryce read a 
paper on the histology of the blood in the embryo 
of Lepidosiren paradoxa, part i., structure of the resting 
and dividing corpuscles. The material loaned by Prof. 
Graham Kerr is exceptionally advantageous for the study 
of cell structures. The large red corpuscles, 50 in 
diameter, have a definite fibrillar structure, with a broad 
fibrillar equatorial band round the equator in the resting 
disc-shaped corpuscle. The nucleus has a very coarse 
chromatin network which stains differently from that of 
all the other nuclei, taking in acid and basic“mixtures only 
the acid dye. The chromosomes in mitosis react similarly. 
No centrosome is present in the disc-shaped corpuscle, but 
it appears as a double body with exceptional distinctness in 
oval and round corpuscles. As all stages between the flat 
disc and the round corpuscles are found, it is probable that 
the disc rounds up before division, and as the centrosome 
disappears when division is even, that it is formed afresh 
at each division. The leucocytes are found in several 
varieties—a small mononuclear hyaline corpuscle, a large 
mononuclear form with distinct protoplasmic meshworks 
basophil in reaction, and polymorphonuclear granular 
corpuscles. The granules are eosinophil, vary much in size, 
and accumulate in the cytoplasm until it is entirely filled 
with them. These corpuscles are actively amoeboid, and 
each possesses a large permanent centrosome and attraction 
sphere, evidently related to the amceboid movements.—A 
paper by Mr. E. J. Bles, on the development of Xenopus, 
was also read, and was fully illustrated by a fine series of 
lantern slides. 
Paris 
Academy of Sciences, February 22.—M. Mascart in the 
chair.—On some points in the theory of ,algebraic func- 
tions of two variables and their integrals : Emile Picard.— 
Refractometric studies relating to the constitution of 
methinic cyano-acids: A. Haller and P. Th. Muller. The 
introduction of negative radicles into neutral molecules such 
as camphor, acetoacetic and malonic esters gives rise to 
substances of clearly acid function to which the name of 
methinic acids is applied. Ten of these compounds, in 
which the negative radicle is cyanogen, have been prepared 
and their refraction and dispersion measured, with a view 
to throwing light on the question as to whether they possess 
a ketonic or enolic constitution. It is shown that the ex- 
perimental numbers approach more nearly those calculated 
on the aSsumption of the enolic formula than those required 
for the ketonic formula. It is possible, however, that some 
of the divergences noted may be due to the association of 
three negative groups with the same carbon atom.—On the 
genus Ortmannia, and the mutations of certain Atyides : 
E. L. Bouvier. The author regards Ortmannia Henshawi 
as being a mutation of Atya bisulcata, which presents 
the peculiarity of recalling the immediate ancestral form 
of the Atya.—The action of human serum on some patho- 
genic trypanosomes; the action of arsenious acid upon 
Ty. gambiense: A. Laveran. It has been shown by 
Dutton and Todd that the trypanosome obtained from 
horses in Gambia and Tr. gambiense are probably not 
identical, and the author has found that these two patho- 
genic trypanosomes are clearly differentiated by their re- 
action towards human serum. The former is clearly though 
slightly affected by human serum, whilst Tr. gambiense 
is completely refractory. An experimental study of the 
various remedies that have been suggested for the amelior- 
ation of trypanosomiasis shows that arsenious acid is the 
only one possessing marked effect, and this is required in 
large doses. It is possible that treatment with this in the 
early stages of sleeping sickness, before nervous lesions 
have commenced, may lead to a ‘cure.—The photographic 
registration of the action produced by the n-rays on a small 
electric spark: R. Blondlot. Reproductions are given of 
negatives showing the increase in the actinic action of the 
electric spark by the action of the n-rays, and also showing 
that the rays emitted by a Crookes’s tube are polarised. 
Details of the precautions necessary to obtain successful 
NO. 1792, VOL. 69| 
431 
results are also given.—The direct addition of hydrogen to 
aniline: the synthesis of cyclohexylamine and of two other 
new amines: Paul Sabatier and J. B. Senderens. The 
vapour of aniline, treated with an excess of hydrogen in 
presence of reduced nickel at 190° C., gives ammonia, cyclo- 
hexylamine, C,H,,NH,, dicyclohexylamine, (C,H,,),NH, 
and cyclohexylaniline, C,H,.NH.C,H,,, the two latter being 
new. <A description is given of the physical properties of 
these amines, together with the preparation of the carbon— 
ates and hydrochlorides.—On the soils of fossil vegetation 
of Sigillaria and Lepidodendron: M. Grand’Eury. 
On a group of problems in geometry: C. Guichard.—On 
suites of analytical functions: P. Montel.—On the repre- 
sentation of functions by rational fractions: R. de Montessus: 
de Ballore.—On the fragility of metals: A. Perot and 
Henri Michel Levy. In a former paper the authors have 
given a new method for measuring the effects produced 
by shocix in notched test-pieces. In the present paper the 
results of the application of this method to two metals are 
given, and it is shown that differences in properties can be 
thus brought out which are not detected by the ordinary 
methods of testing.—The part played by the corpuscles in 
the formation of the anodic column in tubes of rarefied 
gases: H. Pellat. From the author’s experiments the con- 
clusion is drawn that the luminescence of a gas to which 
the name of anodic column is given follows exactly the 
trajectory which would be expected for the negative cor 
puscles, and has no relation with that of the positive ions. 
A reproduction of two photographs showing the appear- 
ances observed with hydrogen and oxygen tubes accom- 
panies the paper.—The laws of the anomalous propagation 
of light in optical instruments: G. Sagnac.—The relation 
between diffusion and viscosity: J. Thovert. The diffusion 
constant, D, and the viscosity, t, were measured for a 1 per 
cent. solution of phenol in various solvents, and it was 
found that the product Dt was a constant.—Contribution 
to the study of audition: M. Marage. The study of the 
ear in a pathological state has led the author to propose 
some modification in Helmholtz’s theory of hearing.—On 
the spectrum of the arc: C. de Watteville. The method 
of Fleming and Petavel, devised to study the luminous ~ 
intensity of the electric arc produced by an alternating 
current, is applied to a study of the spectrum under similar 
conditions. The modifications produced are such that the 
arc spectrum approaches in character that of the flame 
spectrum.—On disruptive discharge at very high pressure : 
J. de Kowalski.—A new receiver for wireless telegraphy : 
N. Vasilesco Karpen.—On the n-rays emitted by an 
electric current passing through a wire: P. Jégou. The 
rays were put in evidence both by the effect on the lustre 
of phosphorescent calcium phosphide and by the action on 
a blue gas flame.—The study of the law of photographic 
development as a function of the time: Adrien Guébhard. 
-—A new improved type of chronograph: Robert Ludwig 
Mond and Meyer Wildermann. In this chronograph the 
cylinder is fixed, and the style, with the electromagnet 
which actuates it, rotates round the cylinder. With a 
cylinder 60 cm. long, a record lasting fifty minutes, and 
with an accuracy of 1/50th of a second, can be obtained.— 
On the specific potentialisation and the concentration of 
energy: Ernest Solway.—Experimental researches on 
distillation: Eug. Charabot and J. Rocherolles. A 
study of the theory of steam distillation.—On the mangani- 
manganates of the alkaline earths: V. Auger and M. Billy. 
—The action of carbonic acid on solutions of sodium 
nitrite: Louis Meunier. The author controverts the con- 
clusions of MM. C. Marie and R. Marquis, and shows that 
the liberation of nitrous acid in their experiments was due 
to the presence of potassium iodide in their solutions.-— 
On.mannamine, a new base derived from mannose : 
E. Roux. Mannose is converted into its oxime by means 
of hydroxylamine; this is reduced, and the amine separated 
in the form of the oxalate. Several salts and derivatives 
of the new base are described.—Researches on ricinine: 
L. Maquenne and L. Philippe. The formula C,H,N,O, 
is ascribed to this compound, which is the methyl ester of 
ricininic acid. The latter acid appears to be the carboxyl 
derivative of an iminomethylpyridine.—On the inversion of 
sugar: L. Lindet.—On the simultaneous existence in 
living cells of diastases which possess both oxidising and 
reducing properties, and on the oxidising power of re- 
