550 
=2 
NATURE 
[APRIL 7, 1904 
sensitive. These striking differences in the sensitiveness 
of two caterpillars to the colour of their environment are 
highly suggestive, and we may hope that these interesting 
results will be followed by further investigation on the same 
lines. The paper is illustrated by some beautiful coloured 
plates of the effects of lichen and variously coloured bark 
upon the colour patterns of the caterpillars. 
Of the other papers in the volume, attention may be 
directed to Mr. Guy Marshall’s interesting essay on 
conscious protective resemblance, and to Dr. Dixey’s account 
of the Lepidoptera of the White Nile with some excellent 
cases of seasonal dimorphism in which the cryptic colour 
is pronounced in the dry season form. 
Mr. Annandale gives a remarkable account of the mantis 
of the Malay Peninsula that resembles the blossom of a 
Melastoma, and Prof. Poulton records the capture of a 
swarm of Hypolimnas mistppus on a ship 500 miles from the 
nearest land. 
It is quite impossible to do justice in a short notice to 
the many interesting features of this volume, but enough 
has been said to show that the activity of the workers in 
connection with the Hope Department of the Oxford 
Museum continues, and that the results obtained are of 
striking value, not only to the specialist in entomology, but 
to the great body of naturalists in general who have at 
heart the important problems of the theory of evolution. 
Sh dls. lols 
UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 
INTELLIGENCE. 
CaMBRIDGE.—An exhibition of 5ol. a year, tenable fur two 
years, is offered by the governing body of Emmanuel 
College to an advanced student, commencing residence at 
the college in October, 1904. Applications should be sent 
to the Master of Emmanuel not later than October 1. 
Mr. CarNecie has given 10,0001. to Kenyon College to 
endow a professorship of economics. 
Pror. T. G. Bonney, F.R.S., will deliver during May, at 
University College, two lectures in advanced geology on the 
subject, lessons from geological mistakes :—(1) about rocks ; 
(2) about ice action. 
Carpirr University College has received an additional 
donation of 5500/. from the Drapers’ Company towards its 
building fund. The company has already contributed 
10,0001. for this purpose. 
Dr. F. H. Newman has been appointed educational 
adviser to the Durham County Council, and Mr. 
Ramage, of St. John’s College, Cambridge, has succeeded 
him in the office of director of higher education for the City 
of Norwich. 
AN interesting feature of the appeal issued on behalf of 
the fund for providing new and adequate buildings for the 
University College of North Wales is the liberal response 
which has been made by old students of the college, the 
amount already subscribed or promised from this source 
being no less than 13131. 
Tue second volume of the report, for the year 1902, of 
the U.S. Commissioner of Education has reached us from 
Washington. This part of the report is devoted largely to 
statistics, from which it is easy to arrive at the exact state 
of each grade of education in the United States. We notice 
under the information given respecting universities, colleges 
and technological schools that the total amount of benefac- 
tions reported during 1902 by the several institutions for 
higher education amounted to 3,408,o0ol., of which upwards 
of 2,500,0001. was received by thirty-one universities and 
colleges of university standing benefiting to the extent of 
20,0001. or more. % 
AT a special meeting of the general council of the Uni- 
versity of Glasgow held yesterday Lord Kelvin was 
unanimously elected to the Chancellorship. Tuesday, April 
19, will be observed as commemoration dav at the uni- 
versity. In the morning an oration will be delivered by 
Sir William Ramsay, K.C.B., on ‘‘ Professor Joseph Black, 
M.D., of the University of Glasgow (1756 to 1766),”’ the 
NO. 1797, VOL. 69] 
Hugh | 
enunciator of the doctrine of latent heat; and honorary 
degrees will be conferred. In the afternoon the medallion 
of the late Prof. John Young, M.D., will be unveiled in the 
Hunterian Museum. At a university banquet to be held 
in the evening Sir William Ramsay will be entertained as 
the guest of the evening. 
A CORRESPONDENT of the Times states that the Secretary 
| of State for India has sanctioned the decision of the Govern— 
ment of India to establish an agricultural research station, 
with an experimental farm and an agricultural college, at 
Pusa, in the Darbhangah district of Bengal, and to deyote- 
to the purpose the donation of 30,000l. entrusted to the 
Viceroy by Mr. Henry Phipps for some object of public 
utility, preferably for scientific research. The farm is to 
serve as a model for similar institutions under provincial 
Governments, some of the existing institutions being in 
need of improvement. Lines of experiment are to be 
initiated and tested before being recommended for trial under 
local conditions on the provincial farms; seed of improved 
varieties will be grown for distribution in the different 
provinces ; results reported from other farms will be tested ; 
scientific research work will be carried on; and practical 
training will be given to students at the college, which is 
to be known as the Imperial Agricultural College. The 
students’ course will be one of five years, and it will be open 
to young men from all parts of India. Mr. Bernard 
Coventry, manager of the Dalsingh Serai estate, has been 
appointed principal, and enters upon his new duties forth— 
with, but the college will not be ready to receive students 
until August or September of next year. 
Tue third annual general report of the Department of 
Agriculture and Technical Instruction for Ireland serves. 
admirably to show the great improvement in_ scientific 
education in Ireland since the transfer of the administration 
of the Science and Art Vote from South Kensington to 
Dublin in rg01._ Many instances of this improvement could 
be given from this report for 1902-3, but one will suffice 
to show the extent of the activity of the new Irish depart- 
ment. With the aid of direct grants from the department 
out of the Science and Art Vote, and of indirect grants out 
of the department’s endowment through technical instruc- 
tion committees, 184 secondary school laboratories, in- 
volving an expenditure of, approximately, 35,000l., have 
been fitted and equipped within two years. When 
it is remembered that in April, 1901, there were but six 
science laboratories in secondary schools in Ireland, and that 
there are now 190 laboratories, with provision for 3500: 
students working simultaneously, the rapidity with which 
the department’s programme has been adopted will be 
understood. Laboratories are now recognised in Ireland 
as an essential part of secondary school provision just as 
much as desks, blackboards and maps. 
An important Minute on Indian education has been issued 
and a summary of it was published in the Times of Monday-~ 
The Minute deals with education of all grades, and with 
the educational needs of girls and women as well as of boys: 
and men. Referring to university work, the State docu- 
ment points out that it has been realised in India that 
universities which are merely examining boards tend to 
accentuate the defects of the Indian intellect—the dispro- 
portionate development of the memory, the incapacity to 
observe and appreciate facts, and the taste for metaphysical 
distinctions. It is proposed, as a result of the recent com- 
mission, to reconstitute the unwieldy senates of the uni- 
versities, to define and regulate the position and powers of 
the syndicates, and to extend by law to graduates the 
privilege of electing members of the senate. The universi- 
ties will be empowered to provide teaching, while ‘collegiate. 
teaching will be tested not merely by examination, but by 
systematic inspection, and a higher educational standard 
will be enforced from affiliated colleges. Such colleges: 
must have a properly constituted managing body, an 
adequate teaching staff, suitable buildings and equipment, 
students’ 1esidences, sufficient funds, and a proper scale of 
fees. Government is prepared to afford liberal financial 
aid to enable the universities and affiliated colleges to adapt 
themselves to these new conditions, trusting also that such 
aid may stimulate private beneficence. As regards Indian 
technical education, the Minute states it has hitherto been 
