476 
WALURE 
[Marcu 18, 1897 
fortitudine verba poetae Romani futura vaticinantis denuo vera 
reddita sunt :— 
‘* venient annis saecula seris 
quibus oceanus vincula rerum 
laxet et ingens pateat tellus, 
Tethysque novos detegat orbes 
nec sit terris ultima Thule.” 
The following is the speech delivered by the Public Orator, 
Dr. Sandys, on March 11, in presenting Prof. Felix Klein, of 
Géttingen, for the honorary degree of Doctor in Science :— 
Universitatem Goettingensem nostis omnes a rege nostro 
Hanoveriensi, Georgio secundo, fuisse fundatam. Eo maiore 
gaudio scientiae mathematicae professorem Goettingensem, 
Newtoni Universitatis nomine, salutamus, virum vinculo non 
uno nobiscum coniunctum, non modo societatis regiae et 
societatis philosophicae Cantabrigiensis inter socios exteros 
numeratum, sed etiam a societate mathematica Londinensi 
exteros inter omnes numismate honorifico solum donatum. 
Nuper Newtoni nostri a linearum tertii ordinis enumeratione 
exorsus, et lineae curvatae et superficies rationibus Algebraicis 
expressae quam potissimum formam revera habere demonstratae 
sint, luculenter enarravit ; idem Caleii nostri inventa insignia 
in maius auxit et rebus novis explicandis feliciter adhibuit. 
Neque Europae tantum terminis inclusus, etiam inter fratres 
nostros transmarinos, scientae suae provincia tota colloquio 
familiari breviter percursa, inter alia ostendit scientiae illius 
regionem puram (ut aiunt) a scientia eadem ad usum cotidianum 
adhibita non sine periculo posse divelli ; ne numerorum quidem 
Gewpiay, quam gloriatum esse quendam utilitatis macula nondum 
esse inquinatam, solam per se posse separari. Ergo scientiae 
mathematicae partes omnes societate quadem inter se coniunctas 
esse libenter accipimus ; neque minus libenter confitemur hodie 
non modo omnes doctrinae sedes, sed etiam gentes omnes, ubi 
doctrina in honore est, necessitudinis vinculis artissimis inter sese 
esse consociatas. 
Dr. Arthur Willey has been re-elected Balfour student for 
one year. 
The Vice-Chancellor has appointed Prof. A. W. Riicker, 
secretary of the Royal Society, to the office of Sir Robert 
Reade’s lecturer. 
Mr. J. T. CUNNINGHAM has been appointed lecturer on 
fisheries under the Cornwall County Council Technical In- 
struction Committee. 
Ir is reported that, in addition to the offer of 5000/7. towards 
the foundation of a chair of public health in the University of 
Edinburgh, a further offer of 3000/7. towards the same object 
had been received from the same donor. 
FROM a reply made by the First Lord of the Treasury to a 
question asked by Sir H. Havelock-Allan, in the House of Com- 
mons on Tuesday, it seems that the Government have no great 
hope of being able to deal with secondary education in the 
course of the present Session. Secondary education is thus 
postponed szve dze. 
Mr. JAMES R. PARSONS, JUN., Director of Examinations of 
the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New 
‘York, has made his annual report. He notes an extraordinary 
development in the condition of medical schools within the last 
four years, notwithstanding that the standards for admission and 
the courses of instruction have been greatly raised. In 1893 
the total value of property was 2,108,855 dols., which has now 
increased to 4,562,836 dols. The receipts were 262,129 dols., 
and they have increased to 498,146 dols. In 1895 there were 
22,887 medical students in the United States, of which number 
about 17 per cent. were in the State of New York. 
THE excellent courses of study followed at the Central 
Technical College and the Finsbury Technical College are too 
well known to need commendation. At the former institution 
advanced instruction is provided in those kinds of knowledge 
which bear upon the different branches of productive industry ; 
and at the latter a systematic scheme of technical education, 
suitable for students who will fill intermediate posts, may be 
followed in day classes, or special subjects may be taken up in 
evening classes. The programmes of both Colleges have just 
been issued by the City and Guilds Institute, and a reference to 
them will show what ‘valuable work the Colleges are doing for 
the advancement of science and industry. 
NO. 1429, VOL. 55]| 
WE are glad that Prof. Warington’s appeal for a further 
recognition of agricultural teaching at Oxford, referred to in 
last week’s NATURE (p. 449), has been given support by the 
Clothworkers’ Company. The Company has communicated to 
Prof. Warington the following resolution :—‘* That a sum of 
200/. per annum be guaranteed by the court for five years, for 
the purpose of enabling the Sibthorpian Professor of Rural 
Economy at Oxford to supplement his lectures by those of 
specialists, embracing the most important parts of agriculture 
and forestry ; it being understood and stipulated, however, that 
no part of the sum so guaranteed is to be drawn in the event of 
the University not consenting to make agriculture a subject in 
the Pass School.” It is remarked that if this action of the Com- 
pany promotes the desirable object of inducing the (Oxford) 
University to bring agriculture and the sciences ancillary thereto 
into the curriculum of the University and of impressing it with 
the sanction of a degree as at the Scotch Universities, the 
Company will be gratified to have contributed to some extent 
towards a consummation so devoutly to be wished for. 
SCIENTIFIC SERIALS. 
American Journal of Science, March.—Crater Lake, Oregon, 
by J. S. Diller. (See p. 470.) The little-known crater lake of 
Southern Oregon is remarkable not only for its geological history, 
but also on account of its position and depth, its beautiful blue 
transparent waters, and the grandeur of its completely encircling 
cliffs, which afford no outlet. The rim of the lake, which is 
nearly circular, with an average diameter of six miles, rises 
1000 feet above the general level of the Cascade range. During 
the glacial period the site of the lake was occupied by a huge 
voleano. The rim is not made up of fragments, but of solid 
lava, alternating with conglomerate and tuff. The lake basin is 
therefore probably not due to eruption, but to subsidence.— 
Outline of a natural classification of the Trilobites, by C. E- 
Beecher (Part ii.). This important paper gives a classification 
of the Trilobites on the principles detailed in the first part. The 
sub-class Trilobita is divided into three orders, viz. Hypoparia, 
three families; Opisthoparia, seven families; Proparia, four 
families. Complete diagnoses are appended, the chief charac- 
teristics being: Hypoparia, free cheeks, forming a continuous 
marginal ventral plate of the cephalon, and in some forms also 
extending over the dorsal side at the genal angles. Opistho- 
paria: free cheeks, generally separate, always bearing the genal 
angles. Proparia: free cheeks not bearing the genal angles. 
These orders are in chronological succession, the Hypoparia 
being the smallest and oldest, and the Proparia only beginning 
in the Ordovician. —Excursions of a telephone diaphragm, by 
C. Barus. Experiments with a Michelson refractometer and a 
mirror attached to a telephone diaphragm prove that the excur- 
sions corresponding to sounds of faint but distinct audibility are 
small as compared with the wave-length of sodium light. They 
are probably below ro~® cm. The force necessary to produce this 
flexure exceeds 10 dynes ina plate 2 cm. in radius and 0’016 cm. 
thick, —The Arctic Sea ice as a geological agent, by R. S. Tarr. 
The sea-made ice protects the coasts from sea-erosion until it 
breaks up and forms a kind of grinding tool and carrier of 
débris. In some regions of floe ice along the Labrador coast 
fully 50 per cent. of the floes are discoloured by jdetritus.— 
Iodometric estimation of molybdenum, by F. A. Gooch. In 
reducing molybdic acid by means of hydriodic acid, the develop- 
ment of the green colour is not a sufficient criterion of the exact 
reduction to the pentoxide and of the removal of the iodine, 
which should be theoretically set free. It is better to boil down 
the liquid by a certain amount in an apparatus so arranged that 
a current of pure CO, can be passed through retort and receiver 
during distillation. This avoids the action of the air upon the 
hot vaporous hydriodic acid in the retort. 
Bollettino della Socteta Sismologica [taliana, vol. ii. N. 5, 6. 
—L. Palmieri, a brief notice of his life and work.—On the 
variation of the velocity of seismic waves with the distance, by 
G. Agamennone.—Horizontal pendulums for continuous me- 
chanical registration, by G. Grablovitz.—Note on the Tokio 
earthquake of June 20, 1894, by F. Omori.—On the intensity 
and amplitude of the movement in the great Japanese earthquake 
of October 28, 1891, by F. Omori.—Notices of earthquakes 
registered in Italy (June to August 1896), the more important 
being a valuable series of records of the earthquake of June 15, 
which gave rise to the great sea-waves in Japan, and several 
records of the shocks which occurred in Iceland on August 27. 
