548 
WEIR RE 
[ApRIL 8, 1897 
found a Jenner professorship of bacteriolozy, and in addition, or 
as an alternative, of a Jenner scholarship. 
The resolution having been briefly seconded by Lord Davey, 
and supported by Mr. Brudenell Carter, was put to the meeting 
and carried unanimously. 
UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 
INTELLIGENCE. 
Oxrorp.—Mr. H. M. Vernon, of Merton College, has been 
elected Radcliffe Travelling Fellow for the year 1897. Mr. 
Vernon took a first class in the Natural Science School in 1891. 
Ex-Mayor WILLIAM R. Grace, of New York City, and 
his wife and daughter have given two million dollars to estab- 
lish in that city a school of manual training for women and 
girls. 
THE first Huxley medal and prize of 10/., open to students 
of the Charing Cross Hospital Medical School at the end of 
their second winter session, has been awarded to Mr. Arthur 
Gentry Pitts. The awards were founded last year, in memory 
of the late Prof. Huxley —a former student of the school. 
Ir has been decided that the memorial to the late Rey. 
William Rogers shall take the form of a physical laboratory, to 
be erected and fitted up in connection with the Charterhouse 
Schools, which were inaugurated by the Prince Consort, and 
were the first schools with which Mr. Rogers was connected on 
his entry into parochial work in London. 
THE state of chemical industries in Germany, France and 
England, and the position of chemistry in higher education, 
forms the subject of an article, by M. M. A. Haller, in the 
Revue Générale des Sctences for March 30. Jeferring to the 
efforts which are made in this country to obtain a fuller recog- 
nition of the value of chemistry to manufactures, the author 
says: ‘‘ Industriels et Professeurs prennent part a cette campagne, 
sans que les pouvoirs publics s’émeuvent.” It is this lack of 
interest shown in scientific matters by State authorities that 
astonishes men of science on the continent. 
By the will of the late Mr. John Crerar, of Chicago, who died 
October 19, 1889, the residue of his estate, after the payment of 
numerous bequests, both private and public, was given for the 
creation and endowment of a free public library, to be called the 
John Crerar Library, and to be situated in the city of Chicago. 
Having sympathetically reviewed the library section of John 
Crerar’s monumental will, and carefully considered the library 
facilities and needs of the city, the directors unanimously decided 
to establish a free public reference library of scientific literature. 
This library was opened on April 1. Its special field is that of 
the natural, the physical, and the social sciences, with their 
applications, the adopted classification being into general 
works, social sciences, physical sciences, natural sciences, 
applied sciences. The directors propose, however, to make the 
library exceptionally rich in scientific periodicals, American 
and foreign. The total endowment is estimated to be over 
2,500,000 dollars, and the income should be sufficient ultimately 
to allow the making of a good collection within the proposed 
limits. At present the library has 15,000 volumes ready for 
use, and nearly 7000 more in process of preparation. The 
number of periodicals in the reading-room is 800, with 400 
others to be added. By the end of 1898 it is expected that 
there will be 40,000 volumes on the shelves. 
Tue following are among recent announcements :—Dr. A. 
F. Dixon, senior demonstrator of anatomy at the School of 
Medicine of Dublin University, to be professor of anatomy at 
the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, 
Cardiff, in succession to Prof, A. W. Hughes, now professor of 
anatomy in King’s College, London; Dr. Classen, of the Poly- 
technic Institute at Aachen, to be professor of chemistry in the 
University at Kiel; Dr. A. Palladin to be professor of plant 
anatomy and physiology at the University of Warsaw; Dr. de 
Vries to be professor of geometry in the University of Utrecht ; 
Prof. von Kries, who had been offered the chair of physiology 
in Berlin in succession to Dr. du Bois Reymond, has decided to 
remain in Freiburg; Dr. Ernst Gaupp to be associate pro- 
fessor o1z{embryology at Freiburg; Dr. Wernicke to be 
associate professor of hygiene at Marburg; Dr. Karl Bohlin, of 
Upsala, to be director of the Stockholm Observatory; Dr. 
James Clark to be professor of agriculture at the Yorkshire 
College, Leeds, in succession to Prof. James Muir; Dr. Karl 
NO. 1432, VOL. 55] 
Fiitterer to be associate professor of mineralogy and geology 
in the Polytechnic Institute at Karlsruhe; Mr. Louis M. 
Dennis to be professor of analytical chemistry in Cornell 
University; Mr. Henry S. Jacoby to be professor of civil 
engineering ; Mr John Henry Barr to be professor of machine 
design ; and Mr. Joseph E. Trevor to be professor of physical 
chemistry in the same University (Cornell) ; Dr. Karl Kaiser to 
be associate professor of physiology in the University of 
Heidelberg. 
THE Journal of the Society of Arts gives the following par- 
ticulars with reference to the fourth meeting of the Congres 
International de l’Enseignement Technique, to be held this year 
in London. The previous meetings of the Congress were—in 
1886 at Bordeaux, in 1889 at Paris, and in 1895 at Bordeaux. 
The meeting will be held at the invitation of the Society of 
Arts, and of the Worshipful Companies of Drapers, Fish- 
mongers, Goldsmiths, Merchant Taylors, and Clothworkers. 
The Congress will be opened at 11 o’clock, on June 15, by an 
address from the President, the Duke of Devonshire, K.G., and 
from the President of the last Congress, M. le President Leo 
Saignat. The meetings will be held on Tuesday, Wednesday, 
Thursday, and Friday. The subjects for discussion at the 
Congress will include :—Technical Education: (1) Advanced 
Instruction. Polytechnics, Universities, Colleges. (2) Secon- 
dary Instruction. Higher Technical Schools; Secondary and 
Intermediate Schools; Evening Schools. Commercial Educa- 
tion: (1) Advanced Instruction. Colleges ; High Schools and 
Institute of Commerce. (2) Secondary Instruction. Com- 
mercial Schools ; High Schools; Classes for Adults. It is not 
proposed to deal with elementary technical or commercial 
education. The education of both sexes will be included. The 
proceedings of the Congress will be reported in English. Papers 
intended for the Congress may be in French, German, or 
English, and speakers may make use of any of these languages. 
All communications relating to the business of the Congress 
should be addressed to the Secretary, Society of Arts, John 
Street, Adelphi, London, W.C. 
CHILDREN are always interested in natural history, and with 
alittle help and encouragement they become keen collectors and 
quick observers. Prof. W. A. Herdman relates, in the tenth 
annual report of the Liverpool Marine Biology Committee, how 
the aquarium at Port Erin is used as an educational influence. 
“For example,” he says, ‘if a boy brings us a light-coloured 
shanny, caught in a shallow exposed pool, we can place the 
little fish in a deep vessel in semi-darkness under a table, or 
cover it with some brown sea-weed, the result being that when 
the bey comes next day to look for his specimen, he has been 
known to exclaim, ‘Hullo! where is my shanny? There is 
only a black one here.’ It is then easy, by putting the fish into 
a shallow white dish in the bright sunlight, in a short time to 
turn the black shanny into what he recognises as the light- 
coloured one he caught. You can then tell him of the beautiful 
pigment cells of the skin, and show them to him under a micro- 
scope ina small living fish, in a watch-glass full of sea-water. 
You can show him a speckled shrimp hiding in sand and a 
mottled shrimp in gravel, and the little prawn /27bzus, which 
may be almost any colour according as you change its surround- 
ings from green to red or to dark brown sea-weeds. You ex- 
plain the difference in pigmentation on the upper and lower 
sides of a flat fish, you remind him of the chameleon, tell of 
Lord Lister's observations on the change of colour in the skin of 
the frog, and—most beautiful experiment of all—show him the 
‘blushing’ of the newly-born cuttle-fish. From this there opens 
up a wide range of physiology, of the influence of light and 
the controlling action of nerves, not to mention natural selec- 
tion and evolution in general. This is only one of many 
examples that might be taken. Almost any of the common 
marine animals, if carefully watched as to structure and habits, 
show us interesting cases of adaptation to their surroundings and 
mode of life.” 
SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES. 
LONDON. 
Royal Society, March 4.—‘‘Second Report on a Series of 
Specimens of the Deposits of the Nile Delta, obtained by 
Boring Operations undertaken by the Royal Society.” By John 
W. Judd, C.B., LL.D., F.R.S., Professor of Geology in the 
Royal College of Science. Communicated by desire of the 
Delta Committee. Received February 11. 
