NOVEMBER 20, 1913] 
expenses, leaves a balance of 70,4311. available for 
the purposes of the school. Mr. Otto Beit and the 
Government of the Federated Malay States each con- 
- tributed 5oool., and Sir William Bennet allocated the 
- Wandsworth bequest of 10,0001. to the fund for pur- 
poses of research. After deducting the last-named, 
together with 15,o00l. spent on new laboratories and 
hostel and an endowment for certain beds for tropical 
cases (to be named the ‘‘Chamberlain Ward"’), there 
“remain 39,0001. to form an endowment for the general 
purposes of the school. 
Tue death is announced of Dr. W. J. Ansorge, the 
well-known African explorer and natural history col- 
lector, at Loanda, Angola, on October 31. Dr. 
Ansorge was born in Bengal, in 1850, and educated 
at Pembroke College, Cambridge. His collections, 
which included mammals, birds, and fishes, were 
very” extensive, and obtained from such widely 
sundered districts as Angola, Nigeria, Uganda, and 
_ British and German East Africa. A large proportion 
of the collection of birds is in, Mr. Rothschild’s 
museum at Tring, but there is also a considerable 
series in the British Museum, inclusive of 258 skins 
_ from Benguela and Uganda, purchased in 1895-6. At 
least one mammal—Lophuromys ansorgei—bears the 
name of the deceased collector, and in the first two 
volumes of the British Museum Catalogue of the 
Fresh-water Fishes of Africa there are eight species 
named in his honour. A few years ago he presented 
‘to the museum several skulls and horns of East 
African antelopes and rhinoceroses. Dr. Ansorge was 
the author of ‘Under the African Sun,” published 
in 1899. 
_ Tue annual Huxley Memorial Lecture of the Royal 
Anthropological Institute. was delivered on November 
14 by Prof. W. J. Sollas, upon the subject of Paviland 
Cave. The Cave of Paviland, which opens on the 
face of a steep limestone cave about a mile east of 
Rbossili, on the coast of Gower (Wales), provided 
an almost ideal hunting lodge to Paleolithic man. 
The discovery by Buckland, in the kitchen midden 
which forms its floor, of a painted skeleton long 
‘known as the ‘Red Lady,” rendered it famous. 
Recent investigation has shown that this skeleton is 
‘the remains of a man ‘belonging to the tall Cré- 
‘Magnon race, which occupied the greater part of 
habitable Europe in the Aurignacian age (Upper 
Paleolithic). The bone of the animals, most of 
them extinct, found in the cave are in agreement with 
‘this conclusion. The assogiated implements are also 
d urignacian. Paviland Cave is thus the most westerly 
outpost of the Cré-Magnon race, and at the same 
time the first Aurignacian station yet discovered in 
‘Britain.—At the conclusion of the lecture the presi- 
dent presented Prof. Sollas with the Huxley memorial 
medal for 1913. 
A FEW months ago The Scientific American offered 
rizes for the three best essays on the ten greatest 
Patentable inventions of the past twenty-five years. 
_ The’ results were announced in the issue of our 
contemporary for November 1. No two competitors 
selected the same set of inventions. In fact, only one 
NO. 2299, VOL. 92] 
| on-Trent, and other towns. 
| Pool Museum) raised the question how far it was 
NATURE 351 
invention, that of wireless telegraphy, was conceded 
unanimously to belong to the group of the ten greatest. 
The vote on aéroplanes was almost unanimous. But 
beyond that there was no unanimity. The conditions 
of the contest stated that greatness would be measured 
in terms of practical success and general usefulness 
to mankind; the competitors were limited to machines, 
| devices, and discoveries commercially introduced in 
the last twenty-five years, and special emphasis was 
laid on the fact that the inventions must be patent- 
able, although not necessarily patented. A dozen 
essays were afterwards picked out at random, and 
these were found to contain forty different subjects. 
The list of these subjects was published, and readers 
of The Scientific American were invited to vote upon 
it The result shows that the vote was not unani- 
mous even on wireless telegraphy. The following 
twelve inveations secured the highest number of 
votes, the number printed after each representing a 
percentage of the votes given :—Wireless telegraphy, 
97; aeroplane, 75; X-ray machine, 74; automobile, 
66; motion pictures, 63; reinforced concrete, 37; 
| phonograph, 37; incandescent electric lamp, 35; steam 
turbine, 34; electric car, 34; calculating machine, 33; 
internal-combustion engine, 33. 
A CONFERENCE of members of the Museums Asso- 
ciation and others interested in museum work was 
held at Warrington on October 30, on the invitation of 
the committee of the Municipal Museum. Repre- 
sentatives attended of the museums of Liverpool, 
Manchester, Hull, Bolton, Salford, Leicester, Stoke- 
Mr. P. Entwistle (Liver- 
allowable to go in the restoration of imperfect 
specimens, maintaining the view, with which the 
meeting generally agreed, that such restoration as 
was required to give a clear impression of the form 
of the object was desirable, provided that the extent 
of the restoration were obvious on close examination. 
Dr. Tattersall (Manchester Museum), in a paper on 
museums and local collections, with the outlines of a 
scheme for the compilation of a fauna of Lancashire, 
said that the first duty of a provincial museum was to 
collect and preserve specimens illustrating the natural 
history of the surrounding district, and proposed that 
an organisation should be formed to link up the 
existing museums in Lancashire with the various 
natural science societies, and specialists in various 
zoological groups. The museums would receive the 
specimens collected locally and forward them to 
appointed centres, where they would be named and 
recorded, and returned when dealt with to the same 
museums for permanent preservation. A committee 
was appointed, with Dr. Tattersall as convener, to 
take preliminary steps to carry out the scheme. Mr. 
Madeley (Warrington Museum) announced that it was 
proposed, provided a sufficient number of museums 
agreed to subscribe, to prepare and distribute a series 
of casts of, say twenty, typical British stone imple- 
ments from the British Museum collections. The 
selection would be made by Sir Hercules Read, who 
had also kindly consented to prepare a description to 
accompany the casts. 
