_ FEsruary 26, 1914] 
Franchini: The natural infection of the rat and mouse 
_by Herpetomonas pattoni by means of parasitic rat 
fleas. The experiments carried out under natural con- 
ditions of attack by the rat fleas are favourable to 
the view that the trypanosomes of vertebrates and 
Leishmania have the flagella of invertebrates for their 
_origin.—André Blondel : The influence of the mounting 
of triphase transformers on the transport of energy at 
high voltages. A discussion of the best way of pro- 
tection of the system against third harmonics.—V. 
Grignard and E. Bellet : The constitution of liquid and 
gaseous cyanogen chlorides. A study of the reactions 
of the gaseous and liquid cyanogen chlorides with 
various organo-magnesium halides suggests that the 
gaseous chloride probably possesses the carbamine 
constitution, C=N.Cl, the liquid chloride the nitrile 
constitution Cl-C=N.—Ed. Imbeaux: A new system 
of electrical funicular haulage of boats.—Serge 
Bernstein: The best approximation of analytical func- 
tions possessing complex singularities:—Harris Han- 
cock : The generalised Eulerian function.—J. Andrade : 
Study of new methods of compensation of chrono- 
meters and some thermal adjustments. Three dis- 
tinct methods of adjustment are described.—P. Dosne : 
The registration of radio-telegrams by means of Poul- 
sen’s telegraphone. The apparatus comprises an 
ordinary wireless receiver with a crystal detector and 
telephone, a microphone, and a Poulsen telegraphone. 
—Ch, Leenhardt and A. Boutaric: The heat of fusion 
of hydrated salts and hydrates in general. As a first 
approximation the heat of fusion of a hydrate is equal 
to the heat of fusion of the water it’ contains.—G. 
Reboul: The selective action of metals in the photo- 
electric effect. The experiment consisted in measur- 
ing the negative emissions produced by the total radia- 
tion of a source of ultra-violet light falling on plates 
of different metals, and also measuring the emissions 
when the light had passed through a thin film of 
silver. For eight metals out of ten, the results are in 
qualitative agreement with the values calculated from 
Lindemann’s formula. Aluminium and zinc are ex- 
ceptional in their behaviour under these conditions. 
Georges Claude: The influence of the diameter on the 
difference of potential at the electrodes of neon tubes. 
Observation relating to the aurora borealis. For tubes 
varying from 5-6 to 67 mm. in diameter, the fall of 
potential in volts per metre of tube is inversely propor- 
tional to the diameter. For the 67 mm. tube, the drop 
in volts is less than corresponds to its diameter, and 
the author suggests that in very wide tubes the fall 
of potential becomes very small. This has a bearing 
on the phenomenon of the aurora, in which the dis. 
charges are of enormous sectional area.—C, Cloarec : 
The spontaneous alteration of liquid surfaces.—M. 
Swyngedauw: The resonance of the third harmonics 
in triphase current alternatives.—André Kling and A. 
Lassieur : The physico-chemical estimation of sulphates. 
The conductivity method proposed by Dutoit for the 
estimation’ of sulphates is shown to be inexact.—E. 
Tassilly : The velocity of diazotation of some amines. 
—A. Ariés: The laws’ of displacement of chemical 
equilibrium.—M. Barre: Some double chromates.—S. 
Wologdine and B. Penkiewitsch : The heat of formation 
of manganese sulphide. The combination of finely 
divided manganese and sulphur was brought about by 
an aluminium-potassium chlorate fuse in an atmo- 
sphere of nitrogen. The mean result was 723 calories 
per gram of MnS formed.—A. Colani: The prepara- 
tion of molybdenum metaphosphate, Mo(PO,);.— 
Jacques Joannis: The catalytic influence of kaolin on 
the combination of hydrogen and oxygen. In the pre- 
sence of kaolin, the combination of hydrogen and 
oxygen commences at 230° C.—E. E. Blaise: Syn- 
theses by means of the mixed zinc organometallic 
derivatives. The 1: 4-acyclic ketones, Succinyl 
NO. 2313, VOL. 92] 
NATURE 731 
chloride reacts with zinc alkyl iodides as though it 
possessed an unsymmetrical constitution, but starting 
with mixed cyctoacetals, the reaction gives rise to 
dicycloacetals; from’ the latter 1: 4-diketones can’ be 
obtained. The preparation of dipropionylethane — by 
this method is described in detail.—Marcel Godchot’: 
The synthesis of a methylcyclopentenone.—W. Russell : 
The survival of plant ‘tissues after freezing. The 
death of a plant through’ frost’ rarely takes place 
suddenly, and appears to take place cell by cell.—V. 
Lubimenko: Researches on the pigments of the 
chromoleucites.—A. Pézard : The experimental develop- 
ment of the spurs and growth of the comb in hens. 
The extirpation of the ovary causes a growth in the 
spurs and diminution in the size of the comb.—Henri 
Bierry and Mlle. Lucie Fandard: Protein sugar and 
virtual sugar.—A, Trillat and M. Fouassier; .Removal 
and separation of micro-organisms in suspension in 
water under the influence of an air current. Some 
organisms, such as B. prodigiosus, are readily carried 
away by an air current from a suspension in water; 
others, such as B. subtilis, are not removed. This 
property has been applied successfully to microbial 
separations.—W,. J. Penfold and H. Violle : Sensibility 
of the organism to certain bacterial products caused 
by heemolysis.—R. Goupil: Researches on the fatty 
matters formed by Amylomyces rouxii.tJean Groth: 
The goniatite schists of Guadalmez.—J. Repelin: The 
secondary accidents which have affected the massif of 
Lare, near Sainte-Baume. 
BOOKS RECEIVED. 
Die -Vogel. By A. Reichenow. Zwei Binde. 
Erster Band. Pp. viii+529. (Stuttgart: F. Enke.) 
15 marks. 
The Wonders of Bird-Life. By W. P. Westell. Pp. 
128. (Manchester: Milner and Co.) 1s. net. 
Transactions of the Geological Society of South 
Africa. Vol. xvi. Pp. 166+xxii plates. (Johannes- 
burg.) 42s. 
Proceedings of the Geological Society of South 
Africa. Pp, Ixxviii+plates. (Johannesburg.) 
Bill’s School and Mine: a Collection of Essays on 
Education. By W. S. Franklin. Pp. vii+98. (South 
Bethlehem, Penn. : Franklin, Macnutt and Charles.) 
50 cents. 
Photo-chemistry. By Dr. S. E. Sheppard. Pp. x+ 
461. (London: Longmans and Co.) 12s. 6d. 
Library of Congress. Report of the Librarian of 
Congress and Report of the Superintendent of the 
Library Building and Grounds for the Fiscal Year 
ending June 30, 1913. Pp. 269. (Washington: 
Government Printing Office.) 
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 
Division of Intercourse and Education. Some Roads 
towards Peace. A Report to the Trustees of the En- 
dowment on Observations made in China and Japan 
in 1912, By C. W. Eliot. Pp. 88. (Washington, 
D.€.) 
Ministerio da Agricultura, Industria e Commercio. 
Annuario publicato pelo Observatorio Nacional do Rio 
de Janeiro, 1914. Anno xxx. Pp. vii+360. (Rio de 
Janeiro.) 
Plane and Spherical Trigonometry (with Five-Place 
Tables). By Prof. R. E. Moritz. Pp. xvit+357+67+ 
96. (New York: J. Wiley and Sons, Inc.; London : 
Chapman and Hall, Ltd.) tos. 6d. net. 
Fuel: Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous. By J. S. S. 
Brame. Pp. xv+372. (London: E. Arnold.) 12s. 6d. 
net. 
Elasticita e Resistenza dei Corpi Pietrosi. Mattoni, 
Pietre, Malte e Calcestruzzi, Murature. By A. Montel. 
Pp. v+180. (Torino: S. Lattes and C.) ‘5 lire. 
Conseil Permanent International pour 1’Exploration 
