30 
fusa Lindeb.) is the most common form with larger many-flowered 
clusters, more stout often erect panicle-branches and broader, gene- 
rally erect, sometimes nearly flat leaves. Not seldom the clusters 
are contracted to a capitate or subspicate inflorescence (f. subspicata 
Lge: 1. ¢.). 
Am.: St. Lawrence Island (!), Port Clarence, Kotzebue Sound, Point 
Barrow, Arctic Islands (!), Baffin Land, Grinnell Land up to 81° 49’, 
West Greenl. 60°—78° 18’ (!), East Greenl. 60°—75° (!). Eur.: Jan Mayen (!), 
Spitsbergen (!), King Charles Land, Franz Joseph Archipelago (Fisher, 
in litt.), Beeren Island (!), Kolguev, Novaya Zemlya to 75° (!), Waigats (!), 
Samoyede Land (!). As.: Arctic Coast (!), Mouths of the Yenissei, Lena 
and Kolyma, Taimyr Peninsula (!), New Siberian Islands, Chukches Land. 
Geogr. area: Northern North America, Iceland, Ferées, Scotland, 
Northern Scandinavia, Finland, Northern Russia, Siberia. 
64. L. nivalis (Leest.) Beurl. Hartm. Handb. ed. XII p. 126. 
L. arctica Blytt, Norges Fl. I p. 299 (1861), Bidrag p.9; Lge. Consp. 
Fl. Groenl. p. 127; Hartz, Nordést Grénl. p. 343; Andersson, Konig Karls 
Land p. 557; Nath., Spetsb. Karlv. p. 37; Feilden, Nov. Zemlya p. 21; 
Kjellm., Sib. Nordk. Fanerogamfl. p. 277; Kjellm. & Lundstr., Noy. Semlja 
p. 316; L. hyperborea R. Br. 6, minor Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. II p. 189; 
Macoun, Catalogue IV p. 69; L.arcuata y. Hookeriana Trauty. Consp. FI. 
Noy. Zeml. p.80, Syll. Pl. Sib. bor. orient. p.546, Fl. Kolym. p.563; L. arcuata 
f. latifolia Kjellm., As. Beringss. p.566 tab.X, Vest Eskim. Land p. 59, St. 
Lawrence-6n p. 22; L. confusa v. latifolia Buchen., Monogr. June. p. 125; 
L. hyperborea R. Br., Chloris Melvill. p. 25, 1823 (p. pt.); Lindeb. in 
Botan. Notiser 1855 p.8; Scheutz, Pl. vase. Jeniss. p. 169; L. hyperborea 
y. extensa Scheutz, 1. c. p. 170; L. arcuata y. procerior Mey. in Ledeb. 
Fl. Ross. IV p. 218; Schmidt, Fl. Jeniss. arct. p. 122; L. campestris v. ni- 
valis Leest. (1822). 
Densely czespitose. Basal leaves short and broad, linear-lanceolate, 
glabrous or very sparingly ciliated, acuminate, obtuse or mucronate 

at the apex. Stem 5 
leaves. Inflorescence subeapitate, generally supported by a leafy 
bract; clusters 1—3 approximate, very seldom the inflorescence is 
umbelliform with a few clusters on erect or somewhat arching 
branches (L. arcuata f. latifolia Kjellm., L. hyperborea vy. extensa 
Scheutz). Bractlets more or less lacerate, not ciliated. Sepals ovate- 
lanceolate, shorter than the ovate, mucronate capsule. Sepals and 
capsule dark brown. Anthers shorter than the filaments. 
This plant is exceedingly nearly allied to the following species, 
so that we are greatly in doubt if it would not be better to consider 
it as a reduced Arctic form of this. Generally L. nivalis has been 
thought to be nearest allied to L.arcuata from which the plant always 
can be separated by the densely czespitose growth, the broad leaves, 
15 cm., seldom 25 em. high, with 2—3 shorter 
