42 
90. E. russeolum Fries, Herb. Norm., fase. II] n.67 and Novit. 
Fl. Suec. Mant. III p. 170. 
Schmidt, Fl. Jeniss. arct. p.123; Kjellm. & Lundstr., Nov. Semlja p.316; 
Kjellm., Sib. Nordk. Fanerogamfl. p. 276, As. Beringss. p.565, St. Law- 
rence-6n p.22; Feilden, Noy. Zemlya p. 21; Fl. D. Suppl. tab. 8; E. Chamis- 
sonis Fr., Mant. II p. 1, non C. A. Meyer in Ledeb. FI. Alt., nec Mém. 
prés. a lAcad. de St. Petersb. par div. sav., I, 1831, p. 204 tab. 3. 
Rhizome creeping with solitary culms, culms with non-inflated 
sheaths; flowering spike oblong; scales dark-gray or dark-brown, 
not membranous in the central part, but with a large membranous 
margin; the lowest largest; anthers rather large, linear, somewhat 
shorter than the filaments; bristles reddish-brown. 
Eur.: Dolgoi Island, Waigats (!), Habarowa. <As.: Yalmal (!), White 
Island (!), Mouth of the Yenissei (!), Pitlekay (!), Chukches Land, St. Law- 
rence Island (!). 
Geogr. area: East Canada, Northern Scandinavia and Russia, Si- 
beria, Kamchatka, Kurile Islands, Unalashka. 
2. HELEOCHARIS R. Br. 
1. Culms filiform, more or less 4-angular; stigmas 3; achene ribbed H. acicularis. 
2. Culms robust, terete; stigmas 2; achene smooth........... H. palustris. 
91. H. acicularis (L.) R. Br. f. submersa Hjalm. Nilsson, Botan. 
Notiser 1888, p. 189—147. 
Scirpus parvulus Lge. Consp. Fl. Groenl. p.128 & p. 286; Roseny., 
Till. p. 716; Juncus triglumis Abromeit, Grénlandsexp. p. 81 ex parte; 
Scirpus acicularis Fl. D. tab. 287. 
Culms filiform or setaceous, more or less 4-angular; rhizome 
creeping, filiform, bearing bundles of erect culms; spike terminal, 
stigmas 3, achenes triangular, ribbed. 
The arctic specimens are all sterile and submersed (f. submersa 
Hj. Nilss.) and are very like sterile specimens of Scirpus parvulus 
R. & S., for which the previous Danish authors had mistaken the 
specimens from Greenland; but S. parvulus has bulbiform, acute 
terminal buds on the stolons, and the culms are shorter and a little 
more robust; (anatomically it is easier to distinguish the two plants, 
the radial walls of the epidermis-cells in S. parvulus being distinctly 
undulated, in H. acicularis straight). It is more surprising that the 
well-known Juncus-specialist Professor Buchenau (Abromeit, |.c.) has 
confounded such sterile plants with young plants of Juncus triglumis, 
from which they differ much. 
Am.: West Greenl. 68° 21’ (!), 69° 5’ (), 70° 30’ (1). 
Geogr. area: North America, Iceland, Europe, Caucasus, East- 
Siberia. 
