15 
or macrospores; the latter are covered with more or less confluent, 
elevated crests. 
Am.: West Greenl., Ilua, c. 60° (!). 
Geogr. area: North America, Feroées, British Islands, Scandinavia, 
Denmark, Northern Central Europe, France, Pyrenees, Northern Russia. 
30. 1. echinosporum Dur. 
Lge. Consp. Fl.Groenl. p. 185; Berlin, Karly. f.Gronl. p.83; FL. D. t.2743. 
To be separated from the preceeding by its plainly pointed 
lightgreen generally smaller leaves and the macospores which are 
covered with elevated, acute or obtuse, easily broken tubercles. 
Am.: West Greenl. 60°—61° 35’ (!) and 68° 21’. 
Geogr. area: Northern North America (vy. Braunii Dur.), Iceland, 
Feerées, Scandinavia, British Islands, France, Northern Central Europe, 
Northern Russia. 
CLASS IL. 
GYNMOSPERMAE. 
Trees or shrubs which produce seeds, containing an embryo; 
ovules not enclosed in an ovary. 
Only the following subclass in the area: 
CONIFERAE. 
Stem much branched, leaves simple. 
Only the following order in the area: 
Order VII. PINACEAE Lindl. (By O. GELERT). 
Ovules few or several on the surface of a scale. Fruit a cone 
with woody or fleshy scales. 
A. The cone with many imbricate, spiral scales. Leaves linear needle-shaped, 
Scatteredmonsaimsiasclcles suena iie ol wees Suborder Abietinae Rich. 
1 ebeavessineclusters  persistentin wa lms citar sitiiciesy ciieitcurei seins meaty cee Pinus. 
2. Leaves fascicled on short branches, deciduous ............. Larix. 
B. The cone small closed or drupelike with few opposite or ternate scales. Leaves 
subulate or scalelike, opposite or ternate..... Suborder Cupressinae Rich. 
Juniperus. 
1. PINUS L. 
31. P. Cembra L. var. pumila (Pall.) Chamisso in Linnaea VI, 
p. 529, 534. 
Ledeb. Fl. Ross. III, p. 674. 
