88 
male spikelet, often with some solitary female flowers beneath; female 
spikelets 2—8, short-stalked, erect, lax- and few(2—6)-flowered; 
bracts seale-like with bristle-like blade, very shortly sheathing; 
scales obtuse, broadly ovate, brown with paler midyein and white 
membranous margins, much shorter and broader than the utricles; 
utricles broadly ovate, ovoid or obtusely trigonous with two ribs, 
mostly brown, tapering rather abruptly into a smooth, rounded 
beak with membranous margins in the orifice; stigmas 3. 
Am.: West Greenl. 60°—73° (!), East Greenl. 70°—71° (!). As.: Mouths 
of the Yenissei and Lena, Chukehes Land. 
Geogr. area: Alaska, Iceland, Northern Scandinavia, Altai (?), East 
Siberia. 

Sect. VI. Frigidae Fries, Summa Veget. p.70. Spikelets slender, 
the upper ones sometimes male at the base and female at the summit; 
utricles tapering into a long beak with a hyaline, two-toothed apex and 
scabrous margins, often attenuated at the base; stigmas 3; bracts sheathing. 
143. C. tristis M. Bieb., Fl. Taur. Caucas. II p. 615. 
Trautv. Fl. Taimyr. p. 21; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. IV p. 294; C. frigida 
Trautv. Pl. Sib. bor. p. 127, Syll. Pl. Sib. bor. orient. p. 538, non Allioni. 
Ceespitose; culms erect, obtusely trigonous, smooth; leaves flat, 
2—8 mm. broad, shorter than the culms; bracts sheathing and with 
short, leafy blade; male spikelets 1—2, reddish brown; female spike- 
lets 2—3, oblong-ovoid, c. 1 mm. long, on capillary stalks, the lowest 
often remote and long-stalked; scales obtuse or acute, dark-red- 
brown with white, membranous margins, shorter than the utricles; 
utricles dark-red-brown or pale on the lower part, lanceolate-ovate, 
plano-convex or concayo-convex; beak rather long, scabrous, two- 
toothed with white, membranous margins on the inner side; stigmas 3. 
As.: Mouth of the Lena, Taimyr Peninsula, Chukches Land. 
Geogr. area: Caucasus, Siberia, Songoria, Altai, Dahuria. 
144. C. misandra R. Br., Chloris Melvilliana, London, 1823, p. 25. 
Taylor, Pl. coll. at Davis Str. and Baff. Bay p.85; Peary, Auxil. Exp. App: 
C. p.7; Eastwood, PI. coll. at Nome City, p. 130; Lge. Consp. Fl. Groenl. p.139 
and p. 289; Roseny., Nye Bidrag p. 71; Hartz, Nordést Grénl. p. 346; 
Dusén, Ost-Grénl. p.56; Nath., Spetsb. Karly. p. 35; Trauty. Consp. Fl. Noy. 
Zeml. p. 81, Pl. Sib. bor. p. 124; Kjellm., Sib. Nordk. Fanerogamfl. p. 275, 
As. Beringss. p.561, Vest-Eskim. Land p. 56; Kjellm. & Lundstr., Noy. Semlja 
p. 315; Macoun, Catalogue IV p. 138; C. fuliginosa Hook. Fl. bor. Am. II 
p. 224; Hart, Brit. Pol. Exp. p. 241; Taylor, 1. c. p. 85; Feilden, Nov. 
Zemlya p. 21; FI. D. tab. 2373; C. frigida 6, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. IV p. 294. 
Densely czespitose; culms erect, obtusely trigonous, smooth; 
leaves flat, 2—3 mm. broad, much shorter than the culms; lower 
