112 
shining, generally 3-flowered. Glumes unequal, the lower half as 
long as the upper. 






Fig.87. Vahlodea atropurpurea 
(Wg.) Fr. 4/2 nat. size. 
(Spec.4from West Greenland). 
Lower pales glabrous or minutely hairy, with 
long bent and twisted awns. Pales only a little 
longer than the upper glume. 
The Arctic form, T. sibiricum Rupr., differs 
from the common plant by shorter (25—40 cm.) 
and stouter culms, broader leaves, smaller pa- 
nicle with shorter branches and larger spikelets. 
Am.: Port Clarence (!). Eur.: Samoyede Land. 
As.: Mouth of the Lena (!). 
Geogr. area: North America (introduced), 
Europe, Caucasus, Siberia, Kamchatka, Japan. 
10. VAHLODEA Fr. 
177. V. atropurpurea (Weg.) Fr. 
Lge. Consp. Fl. Groenl. p.162 and p.296; Aira 
atropurpurea Wg., Rothr., Fl. of Alaska p. 459; 
Hook. Fl. bor. Am. II p. 243; A. latifolia Hook. Lc. 
p. 243, tab. 227. 
Culm 20—30 em. high, smooth. Leaves 
short, flat, acuminate. Ligule evident, about 
2 mm., obtuse. Panicle pyramidal, 5—8 cm., 
with long capillary branches, two from each node. 
Glumes broad-lanceolate, acuminate, generally 
tinged with violet. Flowers 2 or 3, pales only 
half as long as the glumes. Lower pale erose- 
truncate with a bent awn, which does not exceed 
the glumes. Hairs half as long as the pale. 
Am.: Arctic Coast from Point Barrow to 
Mackenzie River, West Greenl. 62°—65° 28’ (!). 
Geogr. area: Unalashka, Northern North 
America, Northern Scandinavia, Northern Russia. 
11. AIRA L. 
178. A. flexuosa L. 
Lge. Consp. Fl. Groenl. p. 162; Feilden, Fl. of 
Kolguev p.184; Fl. D. tab. 1322. 
Culms erect. Leaves setaceous, involute, 
sheaths scabrous. Panicle spreading with flex- 
uose branches. Lower pale with a twisted and 
bent awn attached near the base and much 
exceeding the spikelets. 
