113 
The Arctic and mountain form, A. montana L., has larger, 
5 mm. long spikelets. 
Am.: West Greenl. 60°—69° 14’ (!), East Greenl. 60°10’ (). Eur.: 
Kolguey. 
Geogr. area: North America, Iceland, Fzrées, Europe, Caucasus, 
Siberia. 
179. A. caespitosa L. (enlarged), Babington, Manual ed. 8, p. 429. 
A. caespitosa, J. Hook. Coll. of Arct. Pl. p.123; Scheutz, Pl. vase. Jeniss. 
p. 189; Blytt, Bidrag p. 8; A. caespitosa var. Feilden, Fl. of Kolguey p. 184; 
A. alpina L., Lge. Consp. Fl. Groenl. p. 163; Nath., Spetsb. Karlv. p. 34; 
Th. Fries, Beeren Isl. Veg. p. 156; Blytt, l.c. p.8; Trin. Spec. Gramin. 
Icon. III tab. 254; Fl. D. tab. 1625; A. caespitosa v. borealis, Trautv. FI. 
Terr. Tschuktsch. p. 40, Consp. Fl. Noy. Zeml. p. 86; Ross. Arct. Pl. p. 554; 
Nath., l.c. p. 34; Kjellm., Sib. Nordk. Fanerogamfl. p. 274; Kjellm. & 
Lundstr., Nov. Semlja p. 315; Scheutz, lc. p.189; A. brevifolia (R. Br. 
Lge. 1. c. p. 163; Hartz, Nordést Groénl. p. 348; Scheutz, l.c. p.189; A. 
ecaespitosa vy. brevifolia Trautv. Consp. Fl. Nov. Semlja p. 86, Pl. Sib. bor. 
p- 142, Syll. Pl. Sib. bor. orient. p.544; Kjellm. 1. c. p. 274; Kjellm. & 
Lundstr., l.c. p. 315; A. caespitosa var. Trin. ]. c. tab. 256; Fl. D. tab. 2944; 
Aira arctica Trin.; Deschampsia caespitosa Beauy., Hart, Brit. Pol. Exped. 
p. 142; D. caespitosa Beauv., D. alpina R. & S. and D. brevifolia R. Br., 
Ledeb. Fl. Ross. IV p. 421—422; D. brevifolia R. Br. «& and 6 major 
Hook. Fl. bor. Am. II p. 242; D. caespitosa y. grandiflora and v. minor 
Trauty. Fl. Taimyr p. 18; D. brevifolia R. Br. Chloris Melvill. p. 33; 
Greely, Lady Frankl. Bay Exp. II p.15; Peary, Auxil. Exped. App. C. p. 8; 
D. caespitosa y. grandiflora et brevifolia Schmidt, Fl. Jeniss. arct. p. 128. 
Czespitose, culm rigid. Leaves flat or complicate, acute, rough 
at the edges and often on the upper surface; ligule evident. Panicle 
spreading or contracted, branches rough or smooth. Glumes lan- 
ceolate, flowers 2 or seldom 3, pales somewhat exceeding the 
glumes, hairs about half as long as the pales; lower pale erose, 
truncate with an awn from near the base; the straight awn scarcely 
exceeds the pale. 
The Arctic and mountain form, A. caespitosa v. brevifolia Hartm. 
Scand. FI. ed. 2 (1832) (= v. borealis Trauty., v. grandiflora Trautv. etc.) 
has (like the Arctic form of the foregoing species) larger spikelets 
than the form from the level ground, shorter culms, and the leaves 
are shorter and often complicate or convyolute. Often this form is 
viviparous, A. alpina L., then the glumes and pales are more or less 
elongated and the awn, if evident, attached nearer to the apex. A 
dwarf form with short contracted panicle is Deschampsia brevifolia 
R. Br. (1824) = Altra arctica Trin. 
Am.: Kotzebue Sound, Arctic Sea-shores and Islands (!), Grinnell 
Land 81° 44’, West Greenl. 60°—77° 30’ (!), East Greenl. 60°—74° 56’ (!). 
Flora Arctica 8 
