122 
the lower node, often scabrous. Spikelets ovate, acute; lower pale 
evidently 5-veined, the dorsal vein and the marginal veins hairy 
of long woolly hairs, otherwise glabrous. Varying much in size. 
P. stricta Lindeb. and P. colpodea Th. Fr. are small forms with 
contracted panicles and more or less viviparous spikelets. 
Am.: Port Clarence, Kotzebue Sound, West Greenl. 60°—78° 18’ (1), 
East Greenl. 60°—61° 32’ (!) and 70°—75° (!). Eur.: Spitsbergen (!), Beeren 
Island (!), Franz Josef Archipelago (!), Novaya Zemlya to 75°, Waigats, 
Samoyede Land. As.: Arctic Coast at Actinia Bay 95° 38’ E. long. (!), 
Mouth of the Yenissei, Taimyr Peninsula, New Siberian Islands, Mouth 
of the Kolyma, Chukches Land. 
Geogr. area: North America, Iceland, Feerdes, Europe, Asia, North 
Africa. 
191. P. cenisia All., Auct. Fl. Ped. p. 40 (1789). 
Macoun, Catalogue IV p. 224; Peary, Auxil. Exp. App. C. p. 8; Greely, 
Lady Frankl. Bay Exp. II p.15; Taylor, Pl. coll. at Davis Str. and Baff. 
Bay p.85; Fries, Beeren Isl. Veg. p. 115; Scheutz, Pl. vase. Jeniss. p. 185; 
Fl. D. tab. 2529; P. flexuosa Host, Icon. et descript. gram. austr. IV, 
tab. 26 (1809); Weg., Fl. carp. p. 22 (1814); Hook. Fl. bor. Am. II p. 245; 
Lge. Consp. Fl. Groenl. p.175; Hartz, Nordést Grénl. p. 351; Dusén, Ost- 
Groénl. p. 61; Hart, Brit. Pol. Exp. p. 141; Kjellm., Sib. Nordk. Fanerogamfl. 
p. 272, Vest-Eskim. Land p. 54, St. Lawrence-on p. 21; Reichardt, Fl. Jan. 
Mayen p.11; Feilden, Fl. of Kolguev p. 184; Nath., Spetsb. Karly. p. 30; 
Andersson, Konig Karls Land p. 557; P. arctica R. Br., Chloris Melvill. 
p: 30) (1823); Hook. Lc p. 246; Ledeb: Fl. Ross. IV p.373; Kjellm& 
Lundstr., Nov. Semlja p. 313; Trauty. Consp. Fl. Nov. Zeml. p. 84, Syll. 
Pl. Sib. bor. orient. p.541, FI. rip. Kolym. p. 570, Pl. Sib. bor. p. 136, 
Ross. Arct. Pl. p. 554; Fl. Terr. Tschuktsch. p. 39; Schmidt, Fl. Jeniss. arct. 
p. 127; Greely, l.c. p.15; Eastwood, Pl. coll. at Nome City, p. 130; Feilden, 
Nov. Zemlya p. 24; Taylor, l.c. p. 85; P. filipes Lge. 1. c. p. 175 [vidi spec. 
orig.|; P. trichopoda Lge. (non Bois.) Fl. D. tab. 2885. 
With stolons. Culm short, erect or ascending. Leaves narrow. 
Culm and leaves smooth. Panicle pyramidal, when flowering. 
Panicle-branches rarely more than two from the lower node, 
smooth, and with few spikelets. Spikelets ovate, acute, 3—5- 
flowered; lower pale without conspicuous veins, with rather long, 
silky hairs on the dorsal and the marginal veins, otherwise more 
or less hairy, especially in the lower part. Sometimes viviparous. 
Generally the spikelets are dark-violet. 
Very nearly allied to P. pratensis L. and possibly not separable 
from it as a species, nevertheless the plant is rather striking by the 
less size, the narrower leaves, the pyramidal form and dark colour 
of the panicle and the horizontal spreading branches with only a few 
spikelets, but the chief characters, viz. the inconspicuous veins and 
the different covering of the pale, are sometimes not quite constant. 
