1865.] DR. E. CRISP ON THE ANATOMY OF THE WATER-OUSEL. 49 
Chimpanzee, when the anatomy of these apes excited less interest, I 
did not examine the male generative organs with sufficient care, and 
I inferred, as others had done, that no bone was present. In my 
more recent examinations I have been more minute, and, to my sur- 
prise, I find that both the Chimpanzee and Orang have a penis-bone 
as exhibited in the preparations before the Society and in the draw- 
ing which I now exhibit. (See woodcut, p. 48.) 
I first discovered this bone in a young Orang, and next in two 
Chimpanzees, now in my possession. Through the kindness of 
Mr. Flower, conservator of the Hunterian Museum, I examined all 
the male anthropoid apes in spirits at the College of Surgeons. In 
avery young Chimpanzee weighing about 5lbs., and having only 
four incisor teeth, I found this bone small and acicular. In two 
Orangs, about two years of age, it appeared to be of about the size of 
the specimens before the Society; but in these I judge only from 
external examination. This bone, I believe, is present in the Gorilla 
also, an animal that in many respects is more distant from the human 
family than the Chimpanzee. The bone in these young anthropoid 
apes (Orang and Chimpanzee) is about one-third of an inch in 
length, and about a line in width, with the extremities slightly 
enlarged. In the Chimpanzee it is rather shorter and thicker. 
What size it attains in the adult animal remains to be seen: it is 
probably as large as, or perhaps larger than the same bone in many 
of the lower Quadrumana. ‘There is one thing, however, tolerably 
certain, that the presence of this bone is an indication of a great 
degree of inferiority, as regards place and position, in the animal 
scale. 
6. On THe ANATomMy anv Hasits or tHE WaATER-OvsEL (Cin- 
CLUs aquaTicus). By Epwarps Crisp, M.D., F.Z.S, erc. 
I have for a long time been occupied in preparing a work on the 
British Birds, more especially in reference to their structure, in con- 
nexion with their habits, the nature of their food, &c.; and there is 
no bird that has puzzled me so much as the Water-Ousel, and it is 
on this account that I bring the subject before the Society, hoping 
that I may obtain some information from the members present. I 
need not go very minutely into the history of this bird; but it will, I 
think, be interesting to compare some parts of its anatomy with those 
of the other Merulide. The object of my paper will be to endeavour, 
first, to ascertain by what means this bird, so unlike all aquatic 
birds in form, is enabled to dive and remain some time under water 
and capture its prey; secondly, to inquire respecting the nature of 
its food, and its supposed depredations on the ova and fry of fishes. 
I may premise that I have shot several of these birds in Scotland for 
the purpose of ascertaining the character of their food, and that I have 
had many opportunities of observing their habits. The three speci- 
mens on the table were sent to me recently (Nov. 30) by my friend 
Mr. Grierson, of Thornhill, Dumfriesshire ; and I have dissected and 
Proc. Zoou. Soc.—1865, No. IV. 
