1865.] MR. W. OSBURN ON THE BATS OF JAMAICA, 71 
incommoded it. After killing it, I found a little orange-juice on the 
tongue, which still further confirms my suspicions. Still the whole 
was not completely satisfactory. In the agonies of death it pro- 
truded the tongue to its full extent, and I had the opportunity of 
observing the complete manner in which it is set with bristles.” 
“ Oxford Cave, Manchester, 22nd February, 1859. 
“Tn this immense cave, whose winding galleries cannot be less than 
a mile in length, I procured no less than five species of Bats, but all 
well known to me. 
“This little Bat was not uncommon; and at the end they posi- 
tively swarmed like bees, crawling by dozens on the wall within 
reach, 
“Of this species I brought away twenty-three males, and eleven 
females, which were all pregnant. There was a considerable 
difference in the shades of grey, some much more silvery. I im- 
mediately tried them with orange-juice, but they took little notice 
of it. One licked or rather lapped with his long tongue a little 
water. I put his muzzle into the water; but it shook its head to be 
rid of it, and, protruding its long tongue, licked up nose-leaf and 
over the whole of face to forehead, as if thoroughly to dry it. The 
next morning I tried again. They then licked water greedily, either 
off my finger or when held over it, protruding the tongue an inch or 
more. ‘There was no chewing action, as with some Bats; it was 
simply a very rapid licking. I tried orange ; they licked it, but not 
so eagerly as water. One bit at the orange. I saw nothing to 
show it likely to be their usual food. They voided urine when 
handled. 
“There are some very large glandular bodies on each side the 
neck, close to the angle of the jaws, communicating (?) with one 
another, situated higher up, near the ear. [ could not trace the 
ducts: are they glands for secreting saliva? In the muscles along 
the radius for moving the digits of the wing, and indeed in its whole 
muscular system, there is a great contrast between this little Bat and 
No. 7. It is also much more active on a flat surface, and much 
more tenacious of life. No.7 has a much less developed muscular 
system, only jumps from the ground, and soon dies in confinement ; 
yet its flight is very rapid. No. 6, however, is a very powerful little 
Bat, whatever food its long tongue may be adapted for. 
“Several taken were pregnant females. Mammee lateral; nipples 
broad. Fcetus:—Fore foot (wing rather) very like a five-clawed 
bird’s foot, with a thin transparent web connecting four toes. This 
singular appearance was caused by the very small development of the 
four volar digits, whereas the thumb was disproportionately large— 
as long as the rest. Hind foot also disproportionately large. The 
tongue protrusible, like that of the adult, but not bristled. There 
is a series of fine transverse strie across it. Towards the tip, two 
large blood-vessels follow the margin and meet at the extreme tip. 
No teeth; but on the gums rounded projections where they are 
coming through, three on each side. On upper jaw one large lump 
