1865.] DR. J. E. GRAY ON A NEW SPERM WHALE. 439 
viscus and of the abdominal membranes immediately external to it 
(peritonitis), which was the chief lethal morbid appearance observed 
in the dissection of the Penguin. 
Among the rarer anatomical characters in birds may be noticed 
the well-developed urinary bladder, which, in the present species, in 
the almost empty state, was continued from the fore part of the uro- 
genital compartment of the cloaca for 13 inch in length and 1 inch 
in breadth: the muscular tunic was well developed. 
2. Notice or A New Species or AUSTRALIAN SPERM WHALE 
(CATODON KREFFTII) IN THE SypNry Museum. By Joun 
Epwarp Gray, Pu.D., F.R.S., V.P.Z.S., F.L.S., erc. 
In a letter which I lately received from Mr. Gerrard Krefft, the 
intelligent Secretary and Curator of the Australian Museum, he sent 
me some photographs (taken like those formerly sent by Mr. Henry 
Barnes) of a separate atlas vertebra and of the second and other 
cervical vertebrze united into one mass of a species of Whale, which 
are contained in the museum under his charge. The two bones, 
though not united, fit one another so exactly that Mr. Krefft has no 
doubt of their having belonged to the same animal; and the photo- 
graphs sent justify this conclusion. However, should there be any 
mistake in this matter, it will not in the least invalidate the conclusion 
that I have come to, from the examination of these photographs, 
that they indicate the existence of a second species of Sperm Whale 
in the Australian Seas, very distinctly characterized by the subcir- 
cular form of the atlas vertebra and of the neural canal in it. 
The mass formed by the second and other cervical vertebre is 
somewhat similar to these bones in the skeleton of the Australian 
Catodon lately received by the Royal College of Surgeons, which I 
hope will shortly be described by Mr. Flower, the energetic Curator 
of their Museum, who, in his late paper on the Balenide, has shown 
how well he can describe and determine the species of Whales. 
The genus Catodon should be divided into two subgenera, accord- 
ing to the form of the atlas, thus :— 
I. The atlas oblong, transverse, nearly twice as broad as high; the 
central canal subtrigonal, narrow below. Catodon. 
1. CaropoN MACROCEPHALUs of the Northern Ocean. A ske- 
leton from Scotland, in the British Museum. 
2. Caropon avustTrRALis, Macleay, of the Southern Ocean. A 
skeleton in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, from 
Hobart Town. 
II. The atlas subcircular, rather broader than high; the central 
canal circular in the middle of the body, widened above. Me- 
ganeuron. 
