504 MR. ST, GEORGE MIVART ON THE {June 27, 
rodicticus, and Arctocebus, are distinguished by their excess of deve- 
lopment, the Gorilla exceeding all other mammals, even Didelphys, 
im the great preponderance of the cervical spines over those of the 
rest of the vertebral column. 
The neural laminee have in most Anthropoidea nearly the same 
proportions ; but they are thickened in those forms which possess 
immense spinous processes ; and in Hylobates and Ateles they are 
relatively more extended in the antero-posterior direction. This ex- 
tension is yet greater in Lemur, where, at least sometimes, the length 
is more than half the breadth ; and greatest in Indris, where it equals 
or exceeds two-thirds of the breadth, the elongated neurapophyses 
being medianly split behind in all the vertebrae from the second to 
the seventh. 
In Indris also the anterior zygapophyses are much in advance of 
the most anterior part of the bases of the neurapophyses. 
The whole series of neural laminz in each individual are pretty 
equal, except in Loris and Indris, the seventh vertebra having its 
neural laminz in the first of these two forms mostly larger, in the 
second smaller, than those of the preceding cervical vertebrze. 
Beneath the anterior zygapophysis a more or less marked promi- 
nence often exists; it is to be seen in many forms, but is particularly 
conspicuous in the genera Afeles (fig. 6), Perodicticus, and Arcto- 
cebus. This prominence is the metapophysis. 
The transverse processes have their extremities bifurcated in a 
varying number of the cervical vertebree, and in a varying degree. 
In none do they bifurcate so evenly and uniformly from the third 
to the sixth vertebree as in Man, thus forming an even and equable 
groove on each side of the neck. 
In all the Anthropoidea, except Cynocephalus and Hapale, this 
groove does not commence until the fourth vertebra; but in those 
two genera and in the Nycticebine it often begins at the third, 
sometimes in Cynocephalus even at the second. In Lemur this groove 
does not begin till the fifth vertebra; and in Jndris it exists in the 
sixth vertebra only. 
The ends of the diapophysial parts of the transverse processes are 
upeurved in the Anthropoidea. In the Lemuroidea the transverse 
process is bent more downwards and more directly backwards, and, 
being more extended antero-posteriorly, forms a longer bony canal for 
the vertebral artery. 
The diapophysis, in the more posterior cervical vertebrze, often 
gives off a secondary backwardly directed process, which is perhaps 
a rudimentary anapophysis. This is particularly well seen in Ateles* 
(fig. 6) and Mycetes. 
The costal plate of the sixth cervical vertebra is almost always larger 
than the homologous part in the other cervicals ; but it predominates 
least in Man, the Chimpanzee, Nyctipithecus, and the Nycticebine. 
In Indris it predominates more than in any other genus of the order. 
The bodies of the vertebree have their articulating surfaces more 
* See no. 4695 in the Osteological Collection of the Royal College of Surgeons 
(Osteological Catalogue, vol. ii. p. 729). 
