264 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF FISHERIES. 
the hooks are again baited, and the line is returned to the water to 
continue fishing. This is done a number of times, or as long as fish are 
being taken in satisfactory quantities, before the line is removed from 
the water. Line fishing is followed in both the vessel and shore fish- 
eries, but the catch in the former is much greater than in the latter. 
The species taken in largest quantities with hand and trawl lines are 
cod, haddock, and hake. The sounds or swim-bladders of the hake 
add materially to the value of that species. 
Pound nets, trap nets, and weirs took 145,845,269 pounds of various 
species, valued at $479,347. Of this quantity 143,719,800 pounds, 
valued at 406,186, consisted of herring, most of which were taken 
in Washington County, where they were used chiefly in the sardine 
canneries and smokehouses. | 
Hoes and dredges are used in both the vessel and shore fisheries, the 
former exclusively in taking clams and the latter in taking scallops. 
The catch with these two forms of app:ratus, including 85,000 pounds 
of winkles, worth $1,000, picked by hand, was 5,746,216 pounds, exclu- 
sive of shells, and was worth $209,499. 
In the seine fisheries the yield was 11,548,835 pounds, valued at 
$143,962. Mackerel and herring were the principal species taken 
with seines in the vessel fisheries and smelt in the shore fisheries.’ 
The catch with gill nets in the vessel and shore fisheries was 
4,344,304 pounds, valued at $103,635. The most important species 
taken were mackerel, herring, shad, and salmon. The average length 
of the nets employed is from about sixty to one hundred yards each. 
Cod gill nets are used to only a limited extent, as in recent years they 
have proved unprofitable. ‘They average about sixty yards in length, 
and are set on the bottom and kept in place by buoys and anchors. The 
floats, of which each net requires eighteen to twenty-five to support 
it, are of glass, and cost 18 cents each. The nets are set from 1} to 8 
miles from shore, being moved to the latter distance as the season 
advances. 
A number of less important forms of apparatus, as fyke nets, dip 
nets, hoop nets, bag nets, traps, spears, and harpoons, were employed 
in the fisheries of this state, the catch in the aggregate amounting to 
8,675,749 pounds, valued at $98,900. 
The following tables present, by apparatus of capture, the quantity 
and value of products taken in the vessel and shore fisheries of Maine 
in 1902: 
