CAVE FISHES OF NORTH AMERICA. 3881 
Pyloric ceca.—In the keys and descriptions in Jordan and Ever- 
mann’s Fishes of North and Middle America, the number of pyloric 
coeca is taken as one of the characters on which is based the division 
of the Amblyopside into genera. I have examined specimens of all 
of the North American species of this family and get results quite 
different from those recorded by the above authors and others who 
have written on the systematic characters of this group. ‘The least 
number of pyloric ececa found in any specimen was 1 and the highest 4. 
Cur 1.—Alimentary canal of Chologaster Cur 2.—Alimentary canal of Cholo- 
cornutus. ‘pc, pyloric cceca; s, stomach; gaster papilliferus. 
v, Vent. 
Four specimens of Chologaster cornutus Agassiz were examined and 
in every case the number of pyloric cceca was 4. (Cut 1 shows the 
intestine and pyloric ceeca of C. cornutus: s, the stomach; pe, the 
pyloric coeca; and v, the vent.) Chologaster papilliferus Forbes (cut 
2), also has 4 ececal appendages. In previous descriptions of this spe- 
cies but 2 eeeca are noted. The four specimens of the rare Chologaster 
agassizii Putnam that were examined had 4 pyloric cceca each (cut 3). 
Nine specimens of Zyphlichthys subterraneus Girard were examined, 5 
Cur 3.—Alimentary canal of Curt 4.—Alimentary canal of Typhlichthys 
Chologaster agassizii. subterraneus. 
from Mammoth Cave and 4 from Mitchells Cave, Kentucky. Seven 
of these had 2 distinct pyloric cceca each. Cut 4 shows a ventral 
view of the intestine of 7. subterraneus and cut 5 a side view of 
another specimen of the same species with the gall-sac in position, 
the liver having been removed. In the other two specimens only 1 
pyloric coecum could be found in each, but the specimens were poorly 
preserved and possibly the second appendage had disintegrated. The 
cecal appendages in Amblyopsis speleus De Kay were found to vary 
