THE GERMAN CARP IN THE UNITED STATES. Fy yes 
fed by an artesian well so heavily charged with sulphur that what 
appeared to be free sulphur was deposited in the wooden trough 
which conducted the water from the pipe to the pond. It is said that 
they even occur in abundance in the brackish or semibrackish waters 
of the Atlantic coastal region (Townsend, in ‘* Discussion on Carp,” 
Transactions American Fisheries Society for 1901, p. 117); and Day 
(1880-1884, p. 163) states that ‘‘a considerable number are taken in the 
Black Sea and Caspian; and Nordmann remarks upon their presence 
in the salt lakes of New Russia.” 
SIGHT. 
Although carp work about in muddy, roily water, the roiliness being 
due largely to their method of feeding, they have, nevertheless, a quick 
sight, which serves them well when the water is clear. As will be 
discussed more fully under the subject of hearing, many actions which 
have been attributed to that sense are in reality dependent upon sight. 
Not only do they take fright easily at anything which moves, but there 
can be no doubt that they are able to recognize unusual stationary 
objects as well. I have often stood quietly for long times where the 
water was clear and carp were feeding on all sides of me only a short 
distance away. But when a fish came in my direction, it seidom 
approached closer than seven or eight feet, and usually not so close, 
before it would take fright and dash suddenly off. On the other hand, 
I have sometimes stood in roily water when they would actually bump 
into my legs before they would turn with a splash and dart away. At 
one time I built a scaffold some seven feet high above water in order to 
be able to overlook a wider circle of marsh. It was on the edge of a 
large spawning ground of black bass, and although a bass which was 
guarding a nest not far from the base of the scaffold soon became 
accustomed to the unusual structure and resumed his domestic duties, 
few carp came in sight, in spite of the fact that I sometimes remained 
quietly there for an hour and more at a time. When they came 
within a circle which would be traced by a line at an angle of approxi- 
mately 45° from my position to the water, they apparently became 
frightened, and left suddeniy. 
In attempting to study the behavior of the fish at night, I at another 
time employed a powerful acetylene searchlight, such as is manufac- 
tured for use on launches. But this seemed to frighten them, even 
when 4 or 5 rods away. As the beam of light was swept around to 
different points I could hear the carp dash away through the rushes, 
and could sometimes see the disturbance they caused in the water, but 
in no case was I able to get close enough to see the fish themselves. 
Common experience in fishing at night with a ‘‘jack” shows that 
many kinds of fish are not so frightened by a sudden strong light. 
That sight plays an important part in the feeding of carp may 
