1864.] DR. E. CRISP ON THE ANATOMY OF THE GIRATFE. 63 
10. ConrriBUTIONS TO THE ANATOMY OF THE GIRAFFE, WITH 
AN ACCOUNT OF THE LENGTH OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL 
OF MANY OF THE RUMINANTS, AS MEASURED BY THE 
AutTHor. By Epwarps Crisp, M.D., F.Z.S., erc. 
The anatomy of the Giraffe has been so ably described by Professor 
Owen in the second volume of our ‘ Transactions,’ that it would be 
waste of time to enter minutely into matters connected with the dis- 
section of this animal that are already published. My object will 
rather be to bring before the Society certain structural peculiarities 
that have not been, as I believe, properly investigated, and others 
that have not been noticed. 
Since the publication of the communication by Professor Owen, 
mentioned above, I have had an opportunity of examining three 
Giraffes that died at the Society’s Gardens. The old female was 
brought from Kordofan with three others in 1836; she bred six 
young ones, all males. Before her death, which took place in 1852 
(at which period she was about eighteen years of age), her abdomen 
was greatly enlarged, and it was supposed that the enlargement arose 
from the presence of water; but I found after death that the sto- 
mach was enormously distended with vegetable food, which had evi- 
dently been accumulating for a long period, the enfeebled powers 
of the stomach from old age, combined with the state of the liver, 
not enabling this viscus to get rid of its contents. The liver contained 
several Echinococci, varying in size from that of a pigeon’s egg to a 
hen’s egg; two of these cysts were also present on the surface of the 
spleen, as seen in the drawing exhibited. To show the capacity of 
the stomach of this animal, I may mention that the vegetable food 
spoken of above weighed more than 180 lbs. 
The next Giraffe examined was a young male that died the year 
following (Dec. 30, 1853), from inflammation of the lungs and dis- 
eased kidneys. 
The third was a young animal bred in the Gardens in 1861; it 
died, from the effects of an accident, at the age of two months, and I 
examined the body in company with Dr. Cobbold and Mr. Jennens. 
As I have said before, the form of the viscera of the Giraffe has 
been so well described by Professor Owen that I need not repeat the 
description here ; but the accompanying drawings of all the viscera, 
reduced in size, will give at a glance the form of them, both in the 
Giraffe and in the Eland. I will also, as the weight of the viscera 
has not been before given (except in one example in my work on the 
ee vesure and Use of the Spleen,’ 1853), append the following 
table :— 
