694 DR. J. E. GRAY ON THE URSIDE. | Dec. 13, 
U. amblyceps, Baird, MS. 
** The skull shows conclusively a different species from the Ameri- 
can Bear of the eastern States ”’ (Baird, 7. c. 217). 
3. Myrmarcros. Ant-Bear. 
Head elongate, narrow. Lips moderately extensile. The skull 
flat above, the nose, forehead, and front of the crown forming a 
regular shelving line; brain-case compressed. The nose moderate, 
flat above, compressed on the sides. The forehead narrow; the 
space between the orbits narrower than the nose. The last grinder 
moderate, longer than the flesh-tooth. Palate deeply concave; the 
hinder nasal aperture large, broad ; the sides longer than the width 
of the front edge. Lower jaw large, elongate. 
The Ant-Bears seem to have been long known, but somehow most 
unaccountably overlooked. They are evidently very distinct from 
the carrion or omnivorous Bears (Ursus). 
Worm (Mus. 318) mentions three Bears as inhabiting Norway : 
1. the Brown Bear, which is called Gressdjur (Herb-Bear), the 
largest and most dangerous, living principally on vegetables; 2. 
the Black Bear or I/dgiesdjur, the most carnivorous, attacking horses; 
3. the Ant-Bear or Myredjorn, the smallest, but still dangerous (see 
Cuvier, Oss. Foss. iv. 313). 
Pallas, in ‘ Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica,’ observes, ‘‘ Rossi distinc- 
tionem faciunt Ursorum inter formicarios (Muraveniki) et cada- 
verivoros (Sterveniki), sed nullo solido argumento: variunt solum- 
modo colore vel nigriore, vel e fusco magis rufescente ; et magis mi- 
nusve iracundi et crudeles fiunt anni tempore, zetate et alimenti copia 
vel inopia.” 
Dr. Edward Eversmann, in the ‘ Bulletin de la Soc. Imp. des Nat. 
de Moscou’ for 1840, p. 8, says that in the east of Moscow there 
are two kinds of Bear, one the Aasbiiren (Stervenihki), or Carrion- 
Bears, and the other the Ameisenbdren (Muraveniki), or Ant-Bears ; 
and he gives the characters which distinguish them, and figures the 
skulls of the two species. He states, “‘ In the Ant-eating Bear the 
skull is more elegantly formed. The anterior level of the frontal bone 
forms a plane with the nasal bone; the forehead also does not stand 
forwards, and forms no depression, but is flat. The molar teeth are 
narrower and longer; the zygomatic arch is thinner and more slen- 
der ; altogether the entire skull is proportionally longer, not so high, 
and not so robust as in the carrion-eater (Ursus arctos).” 
He thus defines them :— 
1. U. cadaverinus (=U. arctos, L.). Fronte supra oculos con- 
vexa, rostro abrupte attenuato brevi ; vellere fusco, regione humero- 
rum colloque pallidioribus ; pedibus nigris (t. 1. f. 1, skull). Called 
«© Stervenihi.”’ 
2. U. formicarius (U. longirostris). Fronte plana, modice in 
rostrum attenuata; vellere flavicanti-fusco, pilis apice flavidis cete- 
rum fuscis ; pedibus nigris (t. 1. f. 2, skull). Called “ Muraventki.” 
