1875. | PROF. W. H. FLOWER ON THE MUSK-DEER. 161 
The feet of the Musk- Deer, as was well observed while the animal 
was alive, are remarkable, not only for their size and the great de- 
velopment of the outer hoofs, but also for their freedom of motion 
and capability of being widely extended and closed again, so that 
it seemed to have the power of grasping projecting rocky points 
. between its four outspread toes—a power which must be of great 
assistance in steadying itself in its agile bounds among the crags of 
its native haunts*. 
BBpgT eng, 
Anatomy of the Oral and Cervical Regions. 
The exposed parts of the crowns of the upper canine teeth were 0!"-2 
long, conical, compressed, curved, directed inwards and somewhat 
backwards, with their apices truncated. 
The papillee lining the cheeks are 0''"15 long, conical, very sharp- 
pointed, becoming smaller behind. In the floor of the mouth a 
single row of broad, conical, flattened papille, with prolonged and 
very delicate points, extends on each side of the root of the tongue, 
reaching backwards nearly as far as the last molar tooth, and forwards 
to within 3 inch of the incisors. These were broader and flatter in 
front, and smaller and more slender behind. The longest measure 
0-1 in length. Near the front of the under surface of the attached 
part of the tongue were a few similar but sma'ler papil, forming a 
second (upper) line or series. 
The palate (fig. 1), narrow in front, gradually widens to the canine 
teeth, where it is 0/9 across. Between the canines and molars it 
contracts to 0-7. Between the first premolar teeth it is 1/1 and 
between the last molar 1!-3, The anterior part (two thirds) is 
covered with callous, retroverted, imbricated elevations, the hinder 
sharp margins of which are slightly denticulated. These are placed 
in a double row, one on each side of the middle line, which they 
touch but scarcely pass across. In the front of the mouth they are 
arranged in regular pairs; but after the third those of the left’ side 
are placed a little in advance of the corresponding right ridges; and 
at the narrowest part of the palate, behind the canine teeth, they 
regularly alternate. The most anterior are narrowest from before 
backwards and most strongly elevated. They become broader as 
well as flatter behind the canines. Between the premolars they gra- 
dually subside, and are finally lost opposite the commencement of 
the true molar series. Behind this the palate is perfectly smooth. 
At its anterior extremity in front of these elevations is a smooth 
surface, having in the middle line a small somewhat hourglass-shaped 
prominent pad °2' long from before backwards and narrower from 
side to side, bordered on each side by the Opening of the duct to the 
nasal passage. 
* My friend Mr. F. Jeffrey Bell has dissected the muscles of the feet, and 
intends shortly to give to the Society an account of their structure and arrange- 
ment, 
t In the old male Pudu there were no signs of upper canines—an exception 
to the general but by no means universal rule in the Artiodactyles, that the tusks 
are developed in inverse ratio to the frontal appendages, 
Proc. Zoou. Soc.—1875, No. XI. 11 
