1875. ] PROF. W. H. FLOWER ON THE MUSK-DEER. 175 
lobule, connected with the rest of the lobe by a narrow neck arising 
from its right anterior corner and overhanging the portal fissure. 
The caudate lobe is narrow, tongue-shaped, with its pointed tip ex- 
tending just beyond the border of the right lobe. There is no cystic 
fissure on the edge of the lobe, but a very well-marked fossa on its 
surface, in which lies a wide pyriform gall-bladder, the form of which 
and the arrangement of the hepatic and cystic ducts are shown in the 
figure. The common bile-duct, after a course of 2 inches, passes, 
somewhat dilated, for > inch through the intestinal wall and opens 
by a wide aperture guarded by a semilunar fold*. 
The spleen is attached to the left side of the paunch, close to the 
cardiac orifice. It is much flattened, 33" long and 2" broad, ob- 
tusely pointed at its upper and truncated at its lower endf. 
The kidneys are simple and smooth externally. The right kidney is 
placed so much in advance of the left that its hinder end is on a level 
with the anterior end of the former. It is also slightly larger than 
the left, and more regularly kidney-shaped and flatter. The left is 
thicker from before backwards, narrow at the front end. The di- 
mensions of the right kidney are—length 1''-85, breadth at middle 
1-2, thickness 0'"95; of the left—length 1°75”, breadth at middle 
1-1, thickness from before backwards 1'-1, 
The suprarenal bodies are close together, the right being in con- 
tact with the corresponding kidney, lying on its inner border between 
the anterior extremity and the hilus, the left being 2 inch in advance 
of the left kidney. Each body is flattened, oval, or somewhat reni- 
form, about 0'°5 long and 0'-3 broad; the left slightly larger than 
the rightt. 
The ovaries are small, flattened, pisiform bodies, 0'*25 in greatest 
diameter. The vagina and uterus have the usual characters seen in 
unimpregnated female Ruminants §. 
* The liver of the Pudu is slightly smaller than that of Moschus; it is more 
extended transversely, and differs mainly in the greater size and more quadrate 
form of the caudate lobe, the total absence of any pedunculated Spigelian lobule 
(as in most if not all other Deer), and the absence of a gall-bladder. There is 
no suspensory ligament. 
+ The spleen of the Pudu is much flattened and of nearly circular outline, 
though rather narrower and thicker at the upper than the lower end. Its dia- 
meter averages 5 inches. 
{ The kidneys and suprarenal bodies of the Pudu closely resemble those of 
the Musk in form and situation. 
§ According to Pallas, the male Musk has Cowper’s glands, and a small fili- 
form termination (6 lines in length) to the glans penis. 
In the Pudu the vasa deferentia are enlarged and flattened for the last inch of 
their course, attaining a width of a quarter of an inch. The prostate consists of 
two nearly globular lobes, each of about the size of peas, and a smaller middle 
lobe placed at the union of the vasa deferentia. The walls of the “ membranous 
urethra” are very thick. Contrary to what obtains in Deer generally, there is 
a pair of Cowper's glands with a thick muscular covering, also about the size of 
peas, but somewhat flattened and triangular in outline. The penis is large and 
thick, and the glans fleshy and conical, without any terminal prolongation. 
Tt may be mentioned that in Hyomoschus, Cowper's glands are well developed. 
the penis is long and slender, and, as in Pigs, hasa spiral or corkscrew-like termi- 
nation. 
