456 SIR VICTOR BROOKE ON AFRICAN BUFFALOES. [June l, 
Hair harsh, on the body and limbs of moderate length, longer on 
the withers and upper and underparts of the neck. General colour 
bright yellow. On the shoulders and anterior parts of the body there 
is a strong tinge of brown, caused by an intermixture of brown and 
yellow hairs. On the flanks and belly the yellow shades gradually 
into deep rufous. Upper parts and sides of the head and neck pure 
yellow, lower surface of head and neck paler. Entire upper and 
lower lip, fore limbs from above the carpi, and hind limbs from below 
the tarsi downwards black. Ears about 10" in length and 6" in 
breadth, narrowed gradually towards their tips, which, from their 
flexibility and length, curl back upon the ear-conches. Internally 
the upper rim of the ear-conch is covered with pure yellow hair of 
about 5! length, hair of similar length and colour forming two 
marked lines along their inner surface. Hair on the lower rim of 
the ear-conch and on the tip black. Tail bare, excepting the terminal 
tuft, which is black. 
Height at the shoulder about 42”. Horns slightly compressed at 
their bases, and directed upwards. The head is remarkably long in 
patie to the body, which is compact and powerful, the limbs 
short. 
Male, adult. Generally darker than the female (Du Chaillu). 
Horns greatly compressed from above downwards and broad at their 
bases, which are traversed in unworn specimens by numerous sharply 
marked irregular ridges. Beyond these ridges the horns are sud- 
denly contracted into round smooth points, which are directed 
upwards and sometimes boldly backwards. The basal portion of the 
horn in most ADULT specimens rises slightly but decidedly from the 
horizontal upon leaving the skull; in other specimens, however, as 
for example in the type, the entire horn is directed upwards. Length 
of horns round the curve about 21", their diameter at the base 7”. 
Female, adult. Inthe female the horns are much less compressed 
at the base than in the male. As in the male, the direction of the 
points of the horns is very variable. Length of horns round the 
curve 17", their diameter at the base 43". 
Range. Western, Western Equatorial, and the northern parts of 
Central Africa. 
Typical specimens of Bubalus pumilus may be distinguished from 
typical specimens of Bubalus equinoctialis:— ~ 
1. By their much smaller size. 
2. By the general colour being yellow instead of brown. In Bu- 
balus pumilus the black of the nose and limbs contrasts strongly with 
the yellow ground-colour of the rest of the animal. In Budbalus equi- 
noctialis the entire animal is, as stated below, uniform dark brown. 
3. By the horns rising much more from the horizontal than is the 
case in Bubalus equinoctialis. 
4. By the long hair hanging from the ear-conches being pale yel- 
low instead of dark brown, as is the case in Bubalus equinoctialis. 
The principal figure of Plate LIV. represents the female in the 
Antwerp Gardens, above referred to. The side figure represents the 
head of a young male, the skull of which is in my collection. 
