1867.] MR. J. Y. JOHNSON ON NEW CRUSTACEANS. 895 



and to which of them the hones belonged, who shall say ? The full- 

 sized specimen of Dinornis has been selected for comparison ; and 

 if, as would certainly appear, the bones might have belonged to a 

 smaller bird, I contend that they are not those of the bird which 

 laid an egg eight times the volume of that of the Ostrich, but some 

 smaller species of ^^pyornis ; it may be of ^pyornis grandidieri, or 

 another. We ought to bear in mind that these osseous remains and 

 the eggs bear indications of disturbance, and therefore it is probable 

 of mixture of species. No authenticated egg of Dinornis giganteus 

 has yet been discovered ; tliose put forward as such may belong to 

 some of the smaller kinds of that bird, or may not. We have no 

 certain knowledge to go upon, and I have made no scientific exami- 

 nation of any. 



2. Descriptions of a New Genus and a New Species of Ma- 

 crurous Decapod Crustaceans belonging to the Penceidce, 

 discovered at Madeira. By James Yate Johnson, 

 C.M.Z.S. 



One of the two forms of Crustaceans I am about to describe belongs 

 to the genus Penceus ; whilst the other, though closely allied to that 

 genus, is so remarkable for the peculiar structure of the mandibles, 

 that I propose to make it the type of a new genus named Funchalia. 

 In the normal species of Penceus the jaws compose a combined cut- 

 ting- and crushing-apparatus, each having externally an acute edge 

 with teeth ; whilst outside the mouth the jaws are so formed as to 

 constitute a tuberculated implement for breaking or pulping by pres- 

 sure any substance introduced between them. But in the crustacean 

 on which the new genus is founded the jaws are represented by a 

 pair of long sickle-shaped shears, which cross each other from op- 

 posite sides of the mouth. 



Funchalia woodwardi, gen, et sp. n., $ . 



Colour a uniform red. Carapace compressed and studded with 

 minute warts, which bear short downy hairs. A median crest com- 

 mences near the posterior border, and projects in front as a rostrum. 

 The surface of the carapace is unarmed ; but there is a blunt tooth 

 at the outer side of the ocular excavation, and another at each an- 

 terior lateral angle of the carapace, each of these teeth being the ter- 

 mination of a crest or ridge, the upper one of which, after bending 

 so as to form an elbow at a point which is a little in advance of the 

 middle of its course, runs backwards to the posterior border of the 



carapace. Eyes • ? The basal joint of the superior antennae is 



excavated for the reception of the eyes ; and the inner border of the 

 excavation carries a lamellar-fringed appendage ; whilst the outer 

 border is beset with long hairs, and terminates in a weak acute tooth. 

 The second joint is trigonous and shorter than the first, but longer 



