1018 DR. J. E. GRAY ON THE RHINOCEROTID^. [DcC. 12, 



horn, which is always well marked in the adult skull of that species. 

 It is also distinguished from that species, as it is from R. unicornis 

 and R.javanicus, by the convexity of the zygomatic arch and the 

 size of the cavity for the temporal muscles. 



It has been suggested that this skull may have belonged to an 

 Indian Rhinoceros that had been kept in a menagerie, and so very 

 poorly fed that it never arrived at its full growth. The skull shows 

 no sign of disease of any kind ; the teeth are well worn down, as if 

 it had had abundant food. Starvation is not likely to produce any 

 such change in the proportions of the parts as this skull presents, 

 when it is compared with the skull of the adult R. unicornis, or even 

 when compared with the skull of a young R. unicornis of nearly 

 the same size. Starvation is not likely to have decreased the growth, 

 and at the same time to have extended the size and thickness of 

 the temporal muscles, which is so characteristic of this interesting 

 species. 



This skull having formed part of the collection of Sir Stamford 

 Raffles renders it probable that the animal was a native of Sumatra. 

 Sir Stamford had in his collection a few specimens from other loca- 

 lities — some obtained from Singapore, that being the general entre- 

 port for the productions of the Malay peninsula and islands. There 

 being in this collection only the upper jaw preserved, goes far to prove 

 that it is not the skull of a menagerie specimen as has been sug- 

 gested. 



The skull has no character in common with the species to which 

 Professor Owen has referred it, except its small size and probable 

 habitat. It is to be regretted that, as well as writing a technical 

 description of it, describing what every one can see in the specimen, 

 he did not give more particulars of its history, and show by com- 

 parison the peculiarity of the skull as compared with others in the 

 collection ; but this would have required careful study. The want 

 of more accurate details of the origin and history of the specimens 

 is the general defect of this series of catalogues. 



Sir Stamford Raffles observes, " There is another animal in the 

 forests of Sumatra never yet noticed, which in size and character 

 nearly resembles the Rhinoceros, and which is said to bear a single 

 horn. The animal is distinguished by having a narrow whitish belt 

 encircling the body, and is known to the natives of the interior by 

 the name of Tennu. It has been seen at several places ; and, the 

 description given of it by several persons unconnected with each 

 other corresponding generally, no doubt can be entertained of the 

 existence of such an animal " (see Linn. Trans, xiii. 269 ; Blyth, 

 Z. c. 164). I have little doubt that the skull here described is that 

 of the Tennu. 



B. The forehead and nose subcylindrical, rounded on the sides. 



Rhinoceros. 



5. Rhinoceros stenocephalus. B.M. 



Skull (half-grown) like that of R. unicornis of the same age, but 



