1873.] MR. GARROD ON THE NASAL BONES OF BIRDS. 37 



Larus. Pterocles. Sterna. 



Lestris. Recurvirostra. Tot amis. 



Limosa. Rhinochetus. Tringa. 



Machetes. Rhynchops. Turnix. 



Numenius. Rissa. Uria. 



Parra. Sarciophorus. Vanellus. 



Platalea. Scolopax. 



And all the Columbidse proper. 



From the above list it is evident that nearly all the schizorhinal 

 birds are included among Professor Huxley's Schizognathse. Going 

 further into detail, they may be said to embrace all the Charadrio- 

 morphae, with the exception of (Edicnemus (I have not seen Cur- 

 sorius). Among the Geranomorphae, they comprise the Gruidse, 

 together with Rhinochetus and Eurypyga, but not the Rallidee (from 

 which family Parra should be removed to the Charadriomorphge), 

 nor Psophia, Otis, and Cariama. Among the Cecomorphse they 

 include the Laridae and Alcidae, but not the Procellariidse nor the 

 Colymbidae. Among the Spheniscomorphae none are schizorhinal. 

 Among the Alectoromorphae Turnix and the Pteroclidse are so ; and 

 the Peristeromorphse are all schizorhinal. In the other main divi- 

 sions, the Desmognathse and the iEgithognathse, only the Hemiglot- 

 tides of Nitzsch, belonging to the Pelargomorphae, are schizorhinal. 



The linking together of the Plovers and the Gulls by any osteolo- 

 gical feature has long been a desideratum, as Professors Newton and 

 Huxjey have remarked * ; and the facts brought forward by the latter 

 have greatly assisted in this respect. But Professor Huxley's classifi- 

 cation does too much ; it places the Petrels nearer to the Gulls than 

 the latter to the Plovers, and it includes the Rails in the same cate- 

 gory as the Cranes, which is more than collateral evidence justifies. 

 If the nasal bones have the significance in classification which I 

 would put upon them, and their conformation be employed in dividing 

 up the schizognathous birds (with which, notwithstanding their des.- 

 mognathism, Platalea and Ibis must be placed), a result is arrived 

 at which pterylosis and internal anatomy greatly tend to justify, 



The following table represents my idea of such an arrangement, 

 though I do not wish to give my sanction to the naturalness of the 

 non-schizorhinal schizognathous group, which I believe to be open 

 to criticism : — 



Schizognathous Birds (Huxley) + Hemiglottides (Nitzsch). 

 Schizorhinal Birds. 



1 . Columbae, Pteroclidfe, and Turnicidse. 



2. Limicolse (excluding (Edicnemus, and including Parra). 



3. Laridse. 



4. Gruidse. 



5. Eurypygidae and Rhinochetidse. 

 ri. Hemiglottides. 



7. Alcidae. 



* Ibis, 1868, pp. 9:2 & WO. 



