1873.] DISTRIBUTION OF ASIATIC BIRDS. 649 



The western half of Siberia is probably very similar to Russia in 

 Europe ; but I do not know of any locality which has been syste- 

 matically examined until we come to Dahuria, where MM. Dybowski 

 and Parrex have for some years paid much attention to natural 

 history. 



The list of birds published by these gentlemen in the ' Journal fiir 

 Ormthologie,' 1868, and reviewed in the same publication for 1870 

 by Taczanowski, shows that the genera fouud there are nearly all 

 common to Europe— Nemura cyanea, Uragus sibiricus, and Leuco- 

 sticte arctoa being almost the only exceptions. 



A resume of the works of Middendorff, Radde, and Schrenck, so 

 far as they treat of ornithology, has been published by Herr von 

 Homeyer in the ' Journal fiir Ornithologie ' for 1868-/0, which gives 

 the range of most of the species inhabiting Eastern Siberia as far as 

 they are known. We find that European species are still in a great 

 majority, though in the S.E. part of Siberia, which borders on the 

 Amoor river, some migrants appear in summer which have an entirely 

 different range— such as Zosterops chloronotus, Eurystomus orien- 

 tahs, Pencrocotus cinereus, Oriolus indicus, and Turtur humilis 



The birds of prey, 33 in number, are all well-known European 

 species, except Haliaetus pelagicus, Falco amurensis, Milvus mela- 

 notis, Circus melanoleucus, and Nyctale harbata. 



The Passeres and Picarise, of which 151 species are named, may 

 be classed as follows : — 



Either peculiar to North Asia or only known elsewhere 



as stragglers 63 41 



Birds common to Europe yy 51 



Migratory from S. Asia 11 8 



As in Europe, the predominant families are the Turdidte, Sylviadse, 

 and Emberizidse, no less than 12 species of the genus Emberiza 

 being found. 



Among the game birds there are some which, like Tetrao tetrix and 

 T. betulina, range to the other extreme of the region, whilst others, 

 such as Tetrao urogalloldes and T. falcipennis, are peculiar to its 

 eastern extremity. 



The wading and water birds, which amount to 132 species, are 

 mostly European or Arctic species. Some, however, such as Anser 

 grandis, A. cygnoides, Anas galericulata, Ibis nippon, and Grus 

 leucauchen, spend their winters in China. Phcenicop tents roseus 

 has occurred at Lake Baikal, and is, no doubt, common on the salt 

 lakes of Mongolia. Grus leucogeranus and Anas poecilorhyncha 

 extend their migrations to the plains of India. 



The following birds, which are all common to Amoorla :d and N. 

 Europe, do not app?ar to extend so far as Japan, though the birds 

 of that archipelago are very closely connected with those of E. Si- 

 beria : — 



Gecinus canus. Picus minor. 

 Picus major. tridactylus. 



