JuLy 6, 1899] 
NATURE 
221 
end Mr. Muybridge’s electro-photographic analysis of the 
movement of animals is excellent, and his results have 
been reproduced with great clearness of detail. 
16:6 diese 
Sanatoria for Consumptives tn various Parts of the 
World. By F. Rufenacht Walters, M.D., M.R.C.P 
With an Introduction by Sir Richard Douglas Powell, 
Bart. Pp. 374; Illustrations 41. (London: Swan 
Sonnenschein and Co., Ltd., 1899.) 
THIS book represents the result of a most painstaking 
inquiry on the part of the author into the institutions for 
the treatment of consumptive patients. The various 
sanatoria are described with a great amount of detail, 
more especially with regard to situation, charges, access, 
&c. The actual information with regard to the details of 
treatment is, however, scanty. Phthisical patients differ so 
widely zz¢er se that of course anything approaching a 
sanatorium diary, even had it been given by Dr. Walters, 
would only have been of general interest. Presumably 
the book is intended for the professional and lay reader— 
both these may confidently rely upon getting much in- 
formation from it with regard to the possible places for 
treatment ; but the practitioner who intends initiating a 
so-called open-air treatment, of which we have heard so 
much and seen so little, will find considerable difficulty 
in getting the practical information he wants from Dr. 
Walters’ book. He will do better to consult the earlier 
works of Brehmer and Jaruntowsky. Those, however, 
who want to build a sanatorium will do well to thoroughly 
master Dr. Walters’ book, and especially the plates 
which he gives of the most known sanatoria abroad. 
The book will doubtless be a surprise to many English 
professional readers, who probably have no idea to what 
an extent the sanatorium treatment has progressed abroad, 
and especially in Germany. It will probably also have a 
very wide sphere of usefulness in showing the physician 
where he can have his patient treated at most moderate 
cost in the most enlightened manner. Noone can doubt 
that the best advice which at present could possibly be 
given to many phthisical patients only scantily endowed 
with this world’s goods would be to go to such a place, 
for instance, as Gorbersdorf, where, for from 2/. to 4/. 
per week they can have everything they can possibly 
want—a skilled and patient doctor, suitable food, climate, 
and accommodation. By indicating clearly the relative 
merits of such institutions, Ir. Walters has performed a 
service for which the meaica. ;rofession ought to be 
grateful. F. W. T. 
Measurement and Weighing. By E. Edser, A.R.C.S. 
Pp. vi+ 111. (London: Chapman and Hall, 1899.) 
THIS small manual is intended as a guide for teachers 
engaged in instructing classes of young students in the 
first principles of practical physics. As the author states 
in the preface, only a limited field has been chosen for 
consideration, and this has been intentionally treated 
with more than the usual amount of detail. This has 
been done with the object of showing, from more than 
one point of view, the applications of the various principles 
involved. 
In Chapter i, ‘Linear and Angular Measurements,” 
the pupil is led from the actual copying of a standard 
scale to the different uses of it in determining the 
dimensions of various objects, first approximately, then 
as accurately as possible. Most of the experiments in 
this chapter are original and, although simple, are 
evidently calculated to induce thought in their working 
out. Chapter ii. deals with ‘Superficial and Solid 
Measurements,” introducing the usual problems of 
mensuration in a practical manner. 
In Chapter iii, after describing the trigonometrical 
functions and ratios, the author gives a very ingenious 
NO. 1549, VOL. 60] 
and novel method of graphically determining the 
logarithms of numbers, by means of which the student 
can make himself independent of tables. 
The concluding chapter consists of a very clear and 
detailed experimental exposition of the principles relating 
to ‘Mass and Density.” 
The system adopted has been actually followed in 
class teaching, and will no doubt be helpful to others 
in the arrangement of their experimental courses. 
By Prof. 
Otto 
Die physikalischen Erschetnungen und Krafte. 
Dr. Leo Grunmach. Pp. vili + 442. (Leipzig: 
Spamer, 1899.) 
In this volume the author brings before the reader a 
popular and accurate account of the greater number of 
physical phenomena and forces which are more or less 
commonly met with in every-day life. The book is in- 
tended for those readers who wish to gain a general 
insight into common physical matters and phenomena 
without being troubled with a too detailed account which 
would necessitate a more minute study. 
Commencing with the definitions and means of deter- 
mining mass and measurements, the author successively 
deals with the principles involved in and phenomena 
connected with sound, light, heat, magnetism, electricity, 
&e., concluding with most of the more recent dis- 
coveries, such as Rontgen rays and Marconi’s system of 
telegraphy. 
The contents of the book are far too numerous for us 
to deal with in a few words, so we must be content to 
point out that the text is profusely illustrated with 
well-chosen woodcuts, a special feature being a set of 
portraits of notable scientific men. We may mention 
here that on p. 143, in the chapter on spectrum analysis, 
it was intended to give the portrait of Sir Norman 
Lockyer ; but although the illustration is coupled with his 
name, the portrait is that of Sir William Flower. 
Not only should the book be read by those who wish 
to know something about natural phenomena and forces, 
but it should be useful to students who desire to make 
themselves acquainted with the German language. 
Practical Plane and Solid Geometry (Test Papers). By 
George Grace, B.Sc., A-R.C.S. (London: Macmillan 
and Co., 1899.) 
Tus publication consists of a series of twenty-four 
graduated test papers selected chiefly from the annual ex- 
amination questions in the elementary stage of geometry 
of the Science andArt Department. Each exercise contains 
six problems, and being printed on cartridge paper the 
solutions may be worked out directly on the sheets 
under their respective headings. This feature should be 
specially commendable to teachers of large classes, as 
the uniformity of the arrangement of the questions and 
the size of the sheets will be found of considerable help 
from an examiner’s point of view. 
Practical Dictionary of Electrical Engineering and 
Chemistry in German, English and Spanish. By 
Paul Heyne, assisted by Dr. E. Sanchez-Rosal. Vol. II. 
English-Spanish-German. Pp. vii + 209. (Dresden : 
Gerhard Kithtmann. London: H. Grevel and Co., 
1899.) 
THE difficult task of preparing a technical trilingual 
dictionary has been accomplished in the present case 
with commendable accuracy. The Spanish and German 
equivalents are given of a large number of technical 
terms used in engineering, modern machine industry, 
metallurgy, electricity and chemistry, and other applied 
sciences. To the engineer, the student of physical 
science, and the commercial man, the dictionary should 
prove of great service. 
