110 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



made there "not much below 4500 feet, nor above 10,500 feet." His 

 remarks were illustrated by a map, and by the exhibition of a number of the 

 more noticeable ferns collected, many of which were extremely beautiful. 

 Criticisms were offered by Mr. C. B. Clarke, Mr. J. S. Gamble (Conservator 

 of Forests, Northern Circle, Madras), and Dr. William Schlich (Inspector- 

 General of Forests to the Government of India). 



A paper was then read by Mr. J. H. Veitch on the fertilization of 

 Cattleya labiata, var. Mossim, in which he detailed the results of experiments 

 he had made, illustrating the various stages by a series of delicate drawings 

 executed by Mr. Berjeau, several of which were enlarged and treated 

 diagramatically for the better explanation of the observations made. 



The next paper, by Mr. J. S. Baly, contained descriptions of new 

 species of Galerucince, and being of a techuical nature was taken as read. 



Feb. 16, 1888. — Wm. Carruthers, F.R.S., President, in the chair. 



Announcement was made of an acceptable donation of books to the 

 Library by the widow of the late Dr. John Millar, Fellow of the Society, 

 recently deceased, and a unanimous vote of thanks was accorded. 



Mr. Spencer Moore exhibited, and made some remarks upon, specimens 

 illustrative of the Palmella state of Draparnaldia glomerata. 



Mr. D. Morris (Royal Gardens, Kew) exhibited a piece of wood of 

 Hieronyma alchornioides received from Trinidad, showing in its fissures 

 mineral deposits which on chemical analysis proved to be calcic carbonate. 

 For comparison Mr. Morris also exhibited and commented upon some 

 deposits of calcic phosphate in teak. Some of these (described by Sir 

 Frederick Abel, Quart. Jouru. Chem. Soc. xv. 91) are 6 ft. in length, 6 in. 

 in breadth, and from § in. to f in. in thickness. Deposits in bamboo known 

 as " tabasheer " (silicate) were shown ; as also pearls (carbonate of lime) from 

 cocoa-nuts, received from Dr. Sydney J. Hickson (see • Nature,' vol. xxxvi. 

 p. 157). All these specimens were from the Museum of Economic Botany 

 at Kew. 



Dr. Burn Murdoch exhibited and offered remarks upon the intra- 

 marginal (so called) veins in the section Areolata of the genus Erythroxylon, 

 of which E. coca is the most familiar species. These lines are due to a 

 thickening of the parenchymatous tissue which takes place in the bud 

 stage, and are in no way connected with the venation of the leaf. 



Mr. G. F. Sherwood exhibited a collection of photographs taken in 

 Samoa, illustrating the scenery and people, together with a number of 

 necklets formed with strings of various bright-coloured seeds. 



The first paper of the evening was by Mr. H. N. Ridley on self- 

 fertilization and cleistogamy in Orchids. Three common methods of 

 self-fertilization were explained: — (I) by the breaking up of the pollen 

 mass and falling of the dust either directly upon the stigma, or into the 



