1877.] ANATOMY OF THE RUMINANTS. 11 
free filiform urethra, an inch in length, turns upwards round it to 
the left (fig. 18). 
In the other Cavicornia the glans penis is different. In Nanno- 
tragus (nigricaudatus) it does not in the least resemble that of 
Cephalophus ; for it forms a slender, elongated, tapering cone, beyond 
which the urethra, which is free from it for the terminal 3 of an inch, 
continues straight on for 4 of an inch (fig. 21). Tragelaphus 

Fig. 21. Nannotragus nigricaudatus, 
(scriptus) differs but little from this, except that the free portion of 
the urethra is wanting, and the end of it slightly turned upwards ; and 
in Damalis (pygarga) (fig. 22) the arrangement resembles that of T'ra- 

Fig. 22. Damalis pygarga. 
gelaphus, except that the whole glans is shorter and thicker, at the same 
time that it is flattened from side to side. According to Dr. Murie’s 
accounts of the Prongbuck’ (Antilocapra americana) and the 
Saiga* (Saiga tartarica) the glans in these two animals differs from 
that in any of those above described, whilst from Pallas’s account of 
the Musk (Moschus moschiferus)* its penis is apparently ovine, as 
is that of the Giraffe (Camelopardulis giraffa) (fig. 23). 

Fig. 23. Camelolepardalis giraffa. 
Cowper’s glands are present, according to my observation, in Cer- 
vulus muntjac and Cervus mexicanus ; and I have noted that they are 
small in C. alfredi. Their absence I have recorded in C. elaphus, 
C. dama, C. cashmeerianus, C. aristotelis, C. moluccensis, C. porci- 
_ nus, C. kuhlii, and C. campestris. Prof. Flower found them in C. 
pudu. I have seen them also in all species of Ovis, Capra, and 
Gazella examined, as well as in Cephalophus (maxwelli and pyg- 
' P.Z. 8. 1870, p. 352. 2 P. ZS. 1870, p. 485. 
Spicilegia Zoologica, fase. xii. 
