54 SIR V. BROOKE ON THE DEER OF THE PHILIPPINES. [Feb. 6, 
and Gaimard, the naturalists of the expedition (Zool. Voy. de 
YUranie, p. 33, 1824), to have existed in immense numbers on 
Guam, the largest of the Marianne Islands. They thus write 
respecting this animal :— 
“ Une petite espéce de cerf axis, qui a été apportdée des Philippines, 
a tellement multiplié, que l’on ne connoit pas de lieu qui en contienne 
proportionnellement davantage ; car il existe 4 Guam plus de mille de 
¢es animaux. On nourrit de leur chair les équipages des navires qui 
touchent & cette ile, et le nétre n’eut presque pas d’autres vivres pen- 
dant le temps que nous y demeurdmes. . . . Le faon est fauve, et 
n’a point de taches comme celui d’Europe, 4 quelque age qu’on le 
prenne.”’ 
They describe the island of Guam thus :—‘ Cette ile n’a que 
quarante lieues de tour. Son sol est é¢levé, montueux, en partie 
voleanique et en partie formé de calcaire madréporique. Les mon- 
tagnes, qui ont toutes suivi l’action de feu, sont arides et peu boisées. 
.... Cet archipel n’a qu'un mammifére qui ne lui ait pas été 
apporté.” 
1820. In his ‘Mammalogie’ (p. 436), Desmarest confers the 
name Cervus mariannus upon the species observed by Quoy and 
Gaimard in theisland of Guam. In his short notice Desmarest only 
mentions two specimens, a stuffed male and a fawn. 
1821-24. Inthe second edition of his ‘Ossemens Fossiles’ (p. 45), 
Cuvier mentions, in addition to the types of Desmarest’s description, 
the skull of a male, also brought from Guam by Quoy and Gaimard. 
Cuvier says that he was “‘ presque tenté de rapporter a cette espéce, 
& cause de la forme trés-semblable du crane, un individu jeune rap- 
porté de Manille par M. Dussumier”’ (= the specimen upon which 
Hamilton Smith subsequently established his species Cervus philip- 
pinus). The absence of canines in the specimens from the Mari- 
annes, and their presence in the Philippine specimen, induced Cuvier, 
however, to suspend his judgment in the matter. He particularly 
remarks with regard to the skull obtained by Quoy and Gaimard, 
“Je frontal est relevé longitudinalement entre les cornes, et a en ayant 
des orbites, vers la base du nez, deux convexités longitudinales fort 
remarquables.” 
1827. Hamilton Smith in Griffith’s ‘Animal Kingdom’ figures 
the stuffed male above mentioned, and describes it and the fawn, 
retaining for them Desmarest’s name Cervus mariannus. 
Observations. 
In the Musée d’ Histoire Naturelle at Paris there is still preserved 
the fawn (414 a in Cat.) which formed one of the types of Des- 
marest’s original description. The adult male, which all authors 
describe as having been in an exceedingly bad state of preservation, 
is no longer contained in this museum ; but in the Musée d’ Anatomie 
I have observed a skull which I believe to have belonged to this 
specimen (No. 1345 in Cat.). The close resemblance of the horns 
jn this specimen to Hamilton Smith’s plate, and the occipital bones 
