1878.] MR. H. SAUNDERS ON THE LARIN.E. 165 



Lams brevirostris, Coues, Key Am. B. p. 315 (1872); Elliot's 

 Prybilov Is. Birds, no. 553. 



Larus (Rissa) brevirostris, Brandt; Coues, B. N.W. Am. p. 646 

 (1874). 



Hab. The North Pacific, between Alaska and Kamtschatka, 

 where it is very abundant, breeding in thousands on the Prybilov 

 Islands. 



This is a very distinct species, and may at once be recognized by 

 its very short stout bill, orange-red legs and feet, and dark mantle ; 

 the ground-colour of the primaries is also dark grey. I am indebted 

 to the liberality of the authorities of the Smithsonian Institution for 

 a fine specimen of this species, which is as yet rare in collections. 



A variation in the hind toe and nail, similar to that in R. tridac- 

 fyla, although in a smaller degree, is observable in this species. My 

 own specimen has no claw on the right hind toe, and only a minute 

 black speck on the left ; of two others, from Alaska (e Mus. Salvin 

 c% Godman), the one has no hind nail whatever, whilst the other has 

 small black nails, unequal in size, on both hind toes. 



Genus Larus. 



4. Larus glaucus, Fabr. 



Larus glaucus, O. Fabricius, Faun. Grcenl. p. 100 (1/80, ex 

 Brvinn.) ; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 600 (1788) ; Scoresby, Arct. Voy. i. 

 p. 535 (1820) ; Middendorff, Sib. Reise, ii. p. 241 (1853); Newton, 

 Ibis, 1865, p. 509 ; Schlegel, Mus. P.-Bas,Z«n', p. 4 (1863) ; Coues, 

 B. N.W. Am. p. 620(1874) ; Swinhoe, Ibis, 1874, p. 165 (Japan) ; 

 Seebohm & H. Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 453 (Lower Petchora) ; Dresser, 

 B. of Europe, pts. lix., lx. (1877). 



"Larus giganteus, Temm," Benicke, Ann. Wetterau. Gesellscli. 

 iii. p. 140 (1814). 



Larus leuceretes, Schleep, N. Ann. Wetterau. G. i. p. 314(1819). 



Larus consul, Boie, Wiedemann's Zool. Mag. p. 126. 



Larus islandicus, Edmonst. Mem. Wern. Soc. iv. (1822) p. 185 

 (nee Edmonst. op.cit. p. 506 = Z. leucopterus). 



Larus glacialis, Macgill. Mem. Wern. Soc. v. pi. i. p. 270 (1824). 



Leucus glaucus, Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. p. 86 (1829). 



" Larus glacialis, Benicke," Brehm, Yog. Deutschl. p. 732 (IS31 ). 



Larus hulchinsii, Richards. F. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 419, note (1831) ; 

 Cassin, P. Philad. Ac. 1862, p. 290; Coues, ibid. p. 294 ; Elliot, 

 B. N. Am. ii. pi. 53 ; Dall. & Bann. Tr. Chic. Ac. p. 304 (1869). 



Plautus glaucus, Reich. Nat. Syst. Av. Longip. p. 5 (1852); Ic. 

 Av. pi 47. fig. 316-318, pi. 50. fig. 2640. 



Glaucus consul (Boie), Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 101. 



Laroides glaucus, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 281. 



Hab. Arctic regions ; seldom breeding much to the south of the 

 arctic circle. In winter it goes southwards, and has been known to 

 straggle as far as the Mediterranean, to Long Island on the Atlantic 

 coast of America, also on to the coasts of Japan, whence I have seen 

 specimens obtained at Hakodadi by Capt. Blakiston. 



