198 MR. H. SAUNDERS ON THE LARIN.fi. [Feb. 5, 



Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 105. 



Ckroicocephalus brunniceps, Cabanis, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 105 

 (note); Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 291. 



Chroicocephalus brunneicephalus, Bp. Compt. Rend. Ac. Sc. xli. 

 p. 73(1856); Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 421 ; Dav.etOust.O.de 

 la Chine, p. 521. 



Xema brunneicephalum, A. David, N. Arch. Mus., Bull. vii. uo. 

 460(1871). 



Larus lacrymosus, Licht. (Bengal, imm.), type in Berlin Mus. 

 (examined, H. S.). 



Gavina lacrymosus (Licht.); Bp. Naum. 1854, p. 212. 



Gavia brunnicephalus (Jard.) ; Bp. Naum. 1854, p. 213. 



Chroicocephalus tibetanus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 54. [Tibet, 

 Major Hay.] 



Xema brunneicephala, Hume, Tarkand Exp. Orn. p. 300, pi. 

 xxxii. (1873) ; Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1875, pt. ii. p. 162 (Burma). 



Hab. Henderson found this Gull very abundant in full breeding- 

 plumage in July, at an elevation of 15,000 feet, near the Pangong 

 lake ; and in winter it occurs both on the inland waters and along the 

 coast of India, as far west as Sind. Eastward it occurs in Burma and 

 visits Ceylon, where it is abundant. David obtained it abundantly in 

 Mongolia and China, apparently as near to the sea-board as Pekin. 

 Taczanowski, however, does not cite it amongst the species found in 

 any part of Siberia ; and it is therefore doubtful if it can be 

 Middendorff's L. ridibundus, var. major. As regards its reported 

 occurrence in Japan, Cassin's bird obtained in Parry's expedition is 

 clearly L. ridibundus. 



37. Larus ichthyaetus, Pall. 



Larus ichthya'etus, Pallas, It. ii. App.no. 27 (1776), Caspian ; 

 Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 599 (1788); Pallas, Zoogr. Ros.-As. ii. p. 322 

 (1811) ; Rupp. Reise N. Afr. Atlas, p. 27, pi. 17 (1826), Red Sea ; 

 Cassin, Perry's Exp. Japan, ii. p. 232 (1856) (?) ; Tristram, Ibis, 

 1868, p. 330, Palestine; Shelley, B. of Egypt, p. 307, pi. 13 

 (1872) ; Schlegel, M. P.-Bas, Lari, p. 34 (1863) ; Dresser, B. of 

 Europe, pt. xviii. (June 1873). 



Ichthya'etus, Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. pp. 102,169 (1829), type of genus 

 Ichthya'etus. 



Xema ichthyaetum, Bp. B. Eur. & N. Am. p. 62 (1838). 



Larus kroicocephalus, Jameson, Journ. As. Soc. viii. p. 242 (1839). 



Kroikocephalus ichthycetus, Jerdon, B. of India, iii. p. 831 

 (1864). 



Chroicocephalus icthyaetus, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 104; 

 Swinhoe, P.Z. S. 1863, p. 327. 



Larus ichthyaetus minor, Schl. M. P.-Bas, Lari, p. 34 (1863). 



Hab. Caspian Sea and inland lakes, Lake of Galilee {Tristram), 

 Mediterranean coast of Egypt and up to Nubia, the Red Sea, thence 

 to Bombay and down the coast to Madras, and on the lakes and 

 large rivers of Northern India. As a straggler, in the Black Sea and 

 the Greek Archipelago, and once at the mouth of the Exe, in Eng- 



