1878.] 'lightning' AND 'porcupine' EXPEDITIONS. 405 



sphenoidea of Philippi to the variety f.rigona of his own T. irregu- 

 laris, which is represented as having the skeleton of T. septata or 

 some other septigerous species of the subgenus Waldheimia. 



Subgenus II. Waldheimia. Loop long, reflected. 



6. Terebrattjla tenera, Jeffreys. (Plate XXII. fio\ 7.) 



T. tenera, Jeffr. in Ann. & Mag. N. H., Sept. 1876, p. 250. 

 'Valorous' Exp.' 1450 f. 



7. Terebrattjla cranium, Miiller. 



T. cranium, Mull. Zool. Dan. Prodr. p. 249, no. 3006 : Br. 

 Conch, ii. p. 1 1 ; v. p. 163, pi. xix. fig. 1, la. 



' Lightning ' Exp. : St. 2, 170 f. ; 4, 530 f. ; 5, 189 f. ; 7, 650 f. ; 

 off the Faroes, 164 and 208 f. 



'Porcupine' Exp., 1869: St. 14, 1 73 f. ; 15, 422 f.; 23a, 420 f. ; 

 25, 164 f. ; 46,374 f. ; 50, 355 f. ;57, 632 f. ; 61, 114 f. ; 65, 345 f. ; 

 74, 203 f. ; 75, 250 f. ; 78, 290 f. ; 83, 262 f. ; 84, 155 f. ; 85, 190 

 f. 1870: St. 1, 567 f. ; 2, 305 f. ; 3, 690 f. (and var. oblonga) : 

 Vigo Bay, 30 f. ; 24, 292 f. 



Greenland (Wallich, Mobius), and Norway (Miiller and others), 

 to the south-west of France (De Folin, Fischer), Vigo (McAndrew) : 

 5-650 f. St. Margaret's Bay, Nova Scotia (Willis) ? Northern 

 Asia and Japan (A. Adams). 



The tubercles or csecal extremities of the canals which permeate 

 the shell are more numerous in this than in the next species (T. 

 septata), and are arranged in wavy lines. The gradual develop- 

 ment of the skeleton or apophysary process in both species is very 

 remarkable, and has been admirably shown by Herr Friele of Bergen 

 in a series of figures which accompany his papers on the subject in 

 the 'Vidensk. Selsk. Forh.' for 1875, pi. i. fig. 9, a-i, and 'Archiv 

 for Mathematik og Naturvideuskab' for 1877, tab. i.-iii. Mr. Charles 

 Moore had also, in « the Geologist' for 1860, described and illus- 

 trated certain modifications in the loop of a fossil species, Terebra- 

 tella luckmanni, which are not less important in respect of the 

 classification of the Brachiopoda. The skeleton of a young Megerlia 

 truncata, and probably of every other jointed Brachiopod, is different 

 from that of an adult specimen. 



In the second volume of my work on British Conchology, p. 14, 

 I stated that the lower valve in the young of T. cranium is " fur- 

 nished with a very distinct and prominent crest or ridge, placed 

 inside and nearly in the middle of this valve," and that the same 

 character " likewise occurs in T. septata, Philippi, a Sicilian fossil 

 (T. septigera, Loven), and is remarkably developed in that species ; 

 but the foramen is incomplete in T. cranium, and entire in T. sep- 

 tata." I now find, on further examination of my Shetland speci- 

 mens, that some of those which I had taken to be the young of T. 

 cranium really belong to T. septata; and consequently the latter 

 species is an inhabitant of our own coasts as well as of the Norwegian 



