fiddler crab and of Alpheus.—Hartley Bares, Reason : a psy- 
chological distinetion. 
Bulletin de? Académie Royale des Sciences de Bi No. 8.— 
Paleontological documents relating to the Cambrian formation 
of Ardenue, by M. Malaise.—Magic square of the Villa Albani 
ome), by M. Catalan.—On the specific weight of sulphur of 
. Saint-Claire Deville, by M. Spring.—On the dilatation of 
sulphur, selenium, and tellurium, by the same.—On the rotatory 
power of albumen of a dog’s blood, by M. Fredericq.—Latitude 
on a voyage; graphic process, by M. Adan.—On the monazite 
of the quarries of Nil, St. Vincent, by M, Renard.—Description 
of a new and pecse registering barometer, by M. Delaey. 
Foxrnal de Pkysigue, October.—Determination of the wave- 
lengths of the v Tonge Besar radiations of magnesium, cad- 
amium, zinc, and aluminium, by M. Cornu.—Researches on the 
refringent power of liquids (continued), by M. Damien.—Expe- 
rimental researches on the capacity of voltaic polarisation . 
eluded), by M. Blondlot.—Measurement of the energy expended 
by an electric apparatus, by M. Potier.—Experiment ia optics, 
by M - Dubois, 
Za Natura, October.—On the thermal radiation and the tem- 
perature of the sun, by S. Cattaneo. 
Reale Istituto Lombarde di Scienze 2 Lettere. Rendiconti, 
vel. xiv. fase, xv.—Discussion of some mistakes regarding 
American vines, by Count Trevisan.—Alteration of muscu- 
Jar fibres in a case of locomotor ataxy, by = a — 
On photoparesthesia in insane persons, by Dr. 
variations in the velocity of the se = a 
Paralysis of the vagus nerve, by Prof. Solera,—Anomaly in a 
parrot (Pstiacus Amazons: ~ws, Lin), by Prof. Mas gi.—Elimina- 
tian of nitrogen from tyrosine, by Prof. Kirner and ‘Dr. Menozzi. 
— some products of transformation of chinoline, by Prof. 
Rivisia Scieniifico-Industriale, September 30.—The axis of 
Totation of Mercury, by T. Zona—aA compressed air bell- 
» by S. Scardona. 
Rendiconti delle Sessiont dell’ Accademia delle Scienze dal” 
Istituto di Bologna, 188o-S1.—We note here the following — 
On the internal discharges of condensers, by E. Villari,—Adap- 
tation of species to their environment ; 3 new observations on the 
genetic history of Trematodes, by G. Ercolani.—On the mode 
of termination of nerve-fibres in the cornea, and the internal 
construction of the axis-cylinder, by G. V. Ciaccio.—Anthropo- 
metric researches on the Bolognese, by G. Peli.—Chemico- 
toxicological researches on a putrefied brain, by C. Stroppa and 
G. Tomani.—Morphological, anatomical, and organic researches 
on the various species of the genus Citrus, by G. Cugini.—On 
the course of the river Po, and on works which must be under 
taken in presence of danger which threatens the neighbouring 
population, by P. Predieri—New method of obtaining pure 
stric juice and determining its physiological properties, by L. 
‘ella, —Flectric shadows, by A, Righi.—On defective births in 
the females of Afvrws gfés, and in the human species, by G. B. 
Ercolani.—On the ovulation of Distoma Acpaticum and Janceo- 
Jatwe in sheep and oxen, by G. B. Ercolani. 
SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES 
Lonpon 
Chemical Society, November 3.—Dr. Gilbert in the chair. 
—The following papers were rend:—On citraconic and mesa- 
conic ethers and malic and fumaric acids, by W. H. Perkio. 
The author has carefully investigated the physical properties of 
the methylic and ethylic echers of citra- and mesaconie acids. 
Dr. Gladstone has also measured their refractive indices. The 
citraconic ethers boil at a higher temperature than the mesa- 
conic ethers, but their specific gravities, magnetic rotatory 
power, and refractive indices are lower. Only one anhydride 
can be obtained from maleic and fumaric acids, one from citra- 
and mesaconic acids, and one from a and 8 coumaric acids. 
Maleic anhydride can be obtained directly from malic acid by 
heating with an excess of acetylic chloride.—On the action of 
potassinm cyanide on bismuthous nitrate, by M. M. P. Muir, 
A puce-coloured body is formed, Bi,(CN),O,; ; by heating with 
strong potash Bi,O, is obtained —On the atomic weight of 
bismuth, by M. M. P. Muir, The author has analysed bis- 
manthous chloride, and. obtained as a mean atmospheric weight 
__xarere 
210°46, but he is not satisfied Ry are 
obtain better numbers by the synthesis of bismuthous iodi 
Additional observations on the of 
M. M. P. Muir.—Note on the action of 
and tin, by M, M. P. Muir and C. E, 
volumetric estimation of bismuth in the form of | 
by M. M. P. Muir and C, E. Robbs.—Note’on the 
fluence of water on the reaction between potassium iodide. 
chlorine, by M. M. P. Muir and R. Threlfall.— 
notes, by M. M. P. Muir. 1, Lecture experiment — 
effect of “a” time, 6” temperature, “¢" mass, f 
sists in adding a solution of bismuth iodide in ey 
each of three beakers, one containing roo ce. of cold 
100 ce. of hot water, and 500 ce. of cold water, 2. Thes 
tion of manvanese dioxide and m nese ores in hydroch! 
acid is much hastened by potassium iodide. 3. A new m 
of detecting tin in the presence of antimony : by boiling v 
metallic copper and testing for stannous salt with mereurie 
chloride. 4. To detect the haloid acids in presence of nitrous 
and nitric acids—On suberone, by R. S. Dale and C. Seho 
lemmer.—On sulphonic acids derived from isodina 
Watson Smith and T, Takamatsu.—On phenylia 
Watson Smith and T. Takamatsu.—On dimethylmalonic acid 
and dimethylbarbituric acid, by L. T. Thorne. The author 
confirms the conclusions arrived at by Conrad and Guthzeit, 
PARIS = 
Academy of Sciences, October 31.—M. Wartz in the chair, 
—On account of the death of M. Bouillaud the stance was 
adjourned.— Compres remains for the week contains—Observa- 
tions of Cruls’ comet (6 1881) at Marseilles Observatory, by M.— 
Stephan.—Elliptic elements of the same comet, by M. Bossert, 
—Observations of comets ¢ 1881 Scitheteis ad Bsr (Encke), - 
e18Sr (Barnard), #18$r (Denning), at Paris Observatory, by 
M. Bigourdan. 
VIENNA 
Imperial Academy of Sciences, October 20.—V. pega 1 
the chair.—L. E, Tiefenbacher, on the forest and its relations” 4 
to landslips (a supplement to a work by the same author, on 
landslips, their causes, effects, and treatment).—F. Austerlitz, ' 
a contribution to the ballistic problem.—E. Mahler, theory of 
curvature of an #-fold manifoldness.—E. Weiss, computation 
of the elements and ephemeris of Barnard’s comet (continued). } 
. 
GOTTINGEN 
Royal Society of Sciences, June 4.—Absolute measure; 
ment of the strength of terrestrial magnetism by a galvanic — 
method without determination of time, by F. Kohlraasch— 
Theory of curves of double curvature, by A. Enneper.—Remarks 
on some transformations of surfaces, by the same. 
August 6.—Lycopodin, by K, Bedeker. 
CONTEN iene Pace 
Barrour’s “ComParativs epee ys ee By Prof. E. Ray Lan- 
Sack tS. 8 Ss 8S we eee - 3 
Priurtive InpustRy . <= 6,/0 a0 6 ol enn 
Sacesp Myrus oF Poty NESIAL By Epwanb B. Tyros, PRS. 2. . 38 
L&TTEXS TO TRE Eprror :— 
The Struggle of Parts in the Organism —Gro. J. Romans, ERS 29° 
Prof. Stokes’ Lectures on Solar Physics.—G. cartier Sec. RS. 30 
The Society of Arts Patent Rill = KS ee @ Ms Ne 
“The L epidoptera of Ceylon.” *"—Henay Trinsy | < At 32 
An Alleged Diminution in the Size of Men's Heads—Hyps 
CLAMRE) 6 deus) wak on Re oe now ee 
Sound-producing Ants—R. FF. BeanPORD << c64y a) \ Sen Se 
Song of the Lizard. —Francis P. Pascop . ss + + + + + . 32 
Ssa Fsorn. By Dr. J. H. Granstons, F. RS... 6 6 ee es 
Our Winters R&FuGBS—VENTNOR © 50.0808 8 es ss 8 se BB 
INTERNATIONAL GROLOGICAL CONGRESS . + > 50 <<. 8 
Tus Avrumn Sxy, II, By Rev. T. W. SWers QF rth Di jagrems) . he 
Ax OsseRvaTo Y FOR HONGKONG . . >) 
Prostsc sy Evectreicrry. By Prof. ‘Grama But (Oe Dia 
grates) 3) a) See ar Sass ee le ee x Od 
MAGNeETic SURVEY OF ‘Missov Ri By Francis B. Nivwee . . . . 
Tre Ecuinois oF Tus “ CHALLENGER.” By Prof. H.W. MACKINTOSH 42 
Nores <6 255 ee fs eee ee Om nn ee ee ~ 
Our AsTRONOMNCAL Couns: — 
Double-Stars) xh a Sime Won Se) ae ee 8 Sw ee ee 
Grocrarnicat Norss . ea a SX Son oe * 43 
Science 1x Naw Sours Waurs SS 8 Sas ee eS ee “4 
On THE AppuicaTion oF PHOTOMETRY IN ue Srupy oF THE PHENo- 
weewa OF Dirruston rx Ligurps. By Dr. S. WroBLEWSKI. - - ~ 45 
Tas Rotationat Co-grricisnt ry Vantous Mgrats. . . . + + 46 
Univesstry AND EpUcATIONAL DSPACE, hess 8 ° 
Scumnvimic SERYATS . - . 2 se ss se eS ee . w4 
Sccusries AND ACADEMIES . 2. . + +s > eo. se 
