ment of the fashionables in Manchester, then it would be very 
desirable if something like a connection between the universities 
and the centres of population could be opened. One great com- 
plaint is, that the manufacturing and commercial interests have 
outgrown us; that they no longer regard us; that they do not 
think we have got anything worth having ; and of course it would 
be very desirable to reconquer that class of society, and bring 
them back ; and this tendency in the public mind, to dispose of 
a portion of the University money, in sending it down to these 
places, might be directed in such a way as to regain the possessors 
of wealth for us. - 
_ The Chairman put the resolution—-‘‘ That a sufficient and 
_ properly organised body of resident teachers of various grades 
should be provided from the Fellowship Fund,” which was also 
carried. 
After one or two more speeches, it was resolved to hold 
The 
g 
Z 
SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES 
LONDON 
Royal Society, Nov. 21.—‘‘On the Mechanical Condition 
of the Respiratory Movements in Man,” by Arthur Ransome.— 
‘Further Experiments on the more important Physiological 
‘Changes induced in the Human Economy by change of Climate,” 
by Alexander Rattray, M.D.—‘‘ On Linear Differential Equa- 
tions” (Nos. VI. and VII.), by W. H. L. Russell, F.R.S. 
Zoological Society, Nov. 19.—The Viscount Walden, pre- 
-sident, in the chair. Mr. Sclater called attention to the two 
_ Livingstone expeditions into the interior of Africa now in pre- 
_paration, and urged the importance of endeavouring to have 
zoological collections made in the countries about to be traversed 
by them.—Mr. A. D. Bartlett read some notes on the birth of 
‘the hippopotamus which had been announced at the last meeting 
_ of the Society. Mr. Bartlett called particular attention to the 
- fact that on one occasion the young one appeared to have re- 
“mained under water, without coming to the surface to breathe, 
for nearly fifteen minutes, and also pointed out that this was the 
_ first instance of the hippopotamus suckling her young in cap- 
tivity.—A communication was read from Mr. W. H. Hudson, 
Buenos Ayres, containing notes on the habits of the Vizcacha 
_ (Lagostomus trichodactylus), and giving some interesting details 
of its manner of forming burrows and living in society with other 
-animals.—A communication was read from Mr. George Gulli- 
ver, F.R.S., containing observations on the size of the red cor- 
-puscles of the blood of the Salmonidz and of some other verte- 
brates.—Dr. A. Giinther, F.R.S., gave a notice of a snake from 
Robben Island, South Africa, living in the Society’s gardens, 
which appeared to belong to a new species proposed to be called 
Coronella phocarum.—A communication was read from Mr, J. 
_ Brazier, containing a list of the species of Cassia, found on 
" the coast of New South Wales, with remarks on their habitats 
_ and distribution. —A communication was read from Mr, Andrew 
‘Garrett, of Tahiti, in which he gave a list of the species of 
_ Mitride, collected at Rarotonga, Cook’s Islands.—A communi- 
‘cation was read from Mr. W. H. Hudson, containing some 
urther observations on the swallows of Buenos Ayres, being 
supplementary to a previous paper on the same subject.—A 
‘communication was read from Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., contain- 
ing notes on Profithecus, Indris, and other Lemurs (Lemuriana) 
‘in the British Museum. 
_ Linnean Society, Nov. 21, Mr. G. Bentham, president, in 
_ the chair.—On the Comfosite of Bengal, by C. B. Clarke. The 
author corroborated Mr. Bentham’s estimate of the very small 
proportion of Comfosite relatively to the whole flora of flowering 
plants in the Indian peninsula as compared with other countries. 
3 in Bengal they show only the proportion of about one in twenty- 
_ two, and in Malacca the still smaller proportion of one in 
about forty-five species. The number of Indian species of Com- 
posite in De Candolle’s “ Prodromus ” will probably have to he 
- considerably reduced.—On Diversity of Evolution under one set 
of external conditions, by Rev. J. T. Gulick.—The author reca- 
_ pitulated the facts connected with the distribution of the Achati- 
_ nelline in the Sandwich Islands, familiar to readers of this journal, 
and drew some general conclusions. 
f 
Pa 
-~: 
75 
Chemical Society, Noy. 21, Dr. Frankland, F.R.S., presi- 
dent, in the chair.—A paper on the “ Standardising of Acids,” 
by W. N. Hartley, was read by thesecretary. The author finds 
it convenient to prepare the solution for rapidly standardising 
acids by dissolving a known weight of metallic sodium in alcohol 
and diluting the solution with water ; it is then ready for use. 
A second communication on anthraflavic acid, by Mr. W. H. 
Perkin, F.R.S., included an account of two new derivatives, 
diacetyl-anthraflavic acid and dibenzoyl-anthraflayic acid. 
Anthropological Institute, Nov. 19, Sir John Lubbock, 
Bart., M.P., in the chair—Mr. Heath read a paper on the 
Moabite jars and inscriptions lately purchased by the Germans. 
The author entered first into the philological and other argu- 
ments in favour of their authenticity, which the English authori- 
ties had denied. Certain points in which the Moabite stone had 
been hitherto considered to throw light upon the earliest forms 
of Hebrew were shown to be decided differently by these jars, 
so that the question was still-open. The following was given 
as the inscription on the first jar:—‘‘ Inscription on his 
jar dedicated by Jai, servant of Isaac in Mesha, such 
as is raised in devotion to Nataracu. This is a devotion to 
Dov, wife of Domiodu, the same whoin the might of 
her knowledge has been incorporated with Mesho. She is 
united with Hachuasho in Mesha, raised to unity with Daocush, 
May he be gracious.” In the discussion which ensued it was 
maintained that further evidence of the actual specimens or casts 
from them was necessary to the final determination of the authen- 
ticity of the jars—A paper by Capt. Burton was also read on 
human remains from Thorsmork, in Iceland, describing the con- 
ditions under which parts of a human skeleton were found 
under a cliff where much rocky matter, possibly moraine, has 
fallen. No date was given to the relics, which tradition assigned 
to the time of ‘* Burnt Njah.” Dr: Carter Blake gave a par- 
ticular description of the bones and skulls found, which appeared 
to accord with those of the Norwegians. He was unable to 
detect Esquimaux, Irish, Lappish, or Russian affinities. The 
horse was larger than the present Icelandic horses. 
Geologists’ Association, November 1.—Mr. T. Wiltshire 
president, in the chair—‘‘On the Influence of Geological Rea- 
soning on other branches of Knowledge,” by Mr. Hyde Clarke. 
Entomological Society, Nov. 18.—Mr. H. W. Bates, F.L.S., 
in the chair.—Mr. S. Stevens exhibited an example of Vanessa 
antiopa captured by Mr. W. C. Hewitson in his garden near 
Weybridge, so lately as the Ist inst. Mr. H. Vaughan exhibited 
Crambus verellus, a moth new to Britain, captured at Folkestone 
by Mr. C. A. Briggs ; also varieties of Vanessa Atalanta and 
Pyrameis cardui, Mr. Meek exhibited Mephopteryx argyrella, a 
species of Phycide new to Britain, from near Gravesend ; also 
varieties of Lepidopterous insects. Mr. Meldola exhibited a 
beautiful drawing of the dark form of the larva of Acherontia 
Atrofos. Mr. Wallace forwarded exuvize of some insect, appa- 
rently of the family Zvxeina, which had committed ravages 
amongst the dried mosses and lichens collected by Dr. Spruce, 
in Brazil. Mr, Miiller read notes on the entomological papers 
existing in the ‘‘ Verhandlungen der Schweizerischen Naturfor- 
schenden Gesellschaft,” from 1523 to 1864. 
Celtic Society of London, Nov. 12.—Dr. Carter Blake 
read a paper on the Celtic and pre-Celtic populations of 
Western Europe. After pointing out the value to be attached 
to traditions of pre-Celtic races, the author commented at 
length on the extravagant statements of Schlotheim, Berghaus, 
and Jagel with regard to the alleged diminution of the Celtic 
race. He gavea description of the races maudites of France, . 
especially of the Cagots, Burhins, and Chizerots, adopting the 
conclusions of M. Francisque Michel, and denying the affinity of 
the pre-Celtic tribes to the Basques or to the Laplanders, call- 
ing attention to the confusion which existed between the various 
definitions of the Celtic race, the “Celts” of history, of tradi- 
tion, of philology, and of craniology not being in accordance 
with each other. The author defined the cranial characters as 
those which were most permanent and best defined, such 
characters assigned to the Celt features, which had been described 
by Beddoe, Pike, and Davis, and which the author amplified at 
length. In conclusion he partially adopted the opinions of Dr. 
Knox on the moral and mental characters of the Celts. 
CAMBRIDGE 
Philosophical Society, Noy. 11.—The foliowing communi- 
cations were made to the Society by Mr. W. Kingsley. 1. Certain 
advantages in E. B. Denison’s Gravity Escapement Clock for re- 
