146 
IVA TOE 
[ Dec. 14, 1882 
“Fragments of Samian ware, bronze dishes (one with 
Roman letters), harp-shaped fibula of peculiar type, 
together with a large assortment of beads, bronze and 
bone pins, bone combs, jet ornaments, &c., are so similar 
to the class of remains found on the excavated sites of 
Romano-British towns, that there can hardly be any 
doubt that Roman civilisation had come in contact with 
the lake-dwellers and partially moulded their habits. The 
Celtic element is, however, strongly developed, not only 
in the general character of many of the industrial imple- 
ments of stone, bone, and iron, but also in the style of 
art manifested in some of the ornamental objects included 
in the collection.” 
We confess that we are disposed to doubt whether the 
geographical distribution of the Scottish lake dwellings 
at present known is really connected with that of the 
ancient Celt, and whether it is not more due to the 
activity of the Ayrshire and Wigtonshire Archeological 
Association, of Mr. Cochran Patrick, M.P., and of Dr. 
Munro himself. Whilst thanking him for what he has 
already accomplished, we may express a hope that he 
will continue his researches. JOHN LUBBOCK 
SHELF 
OUR BOOK 
The Sportsman's Handbook to Practical Collecting, Pre- | 
serving, and Artistic Setting up of Trophies and Speci- 
mens. To which is added a Synoptical Guide to the 
Hunting Grounds of the World. By Rowland Ward, 
F.Z.S. Second Edition. With numerous additional 
Illustrations. (London: the Author, and Simpkin, 
Marshall, and Co., 1882). 
Tuis very useful little book affords all requisite informa- 
tion for the traveller who wishes to preserve specimens of 
natural history, more especially large animals. The pro- 
cess of skinning quadrupeds and birds is so well ex- 
plained, and so copiously illustrated by characteristic 
woodcuts, that the merest tyro would soon learn the art. 
The best modes of preserving reptiles, fishes, and insects 
are also given; and then follow instructions for the setting 
up of trophies, for mounting birds and fishes, and for 
dressing skins of large animals. A sketch of the chief 
hunting-fields of the world concludes the book, and in 
this part much useful information is given as to the more 
important animals characteristic of each region. 
The book is especially valuable in that it does not con- | 
fuse the reader by a multiplicity of details, or leave him 
to choose between a variety of methods. The simplest 
and most effective appliances are alone recommended, 
and the great experience of the writer in the preservation 
and mounting of animals renders his advice on these 
points of the greatest value. The introductory chapter 
gives good outlines of the bodies and skeletons of the 
chief types of large mammalia, with the vital spots 
marked on each, so as to guide the sportsman in killing 
his game. 
We only notice a single point which appears to call for 
correction in a future edition. The use of the blow-pipe 
is recommended for killing small birds, and it is described 
as a tube of metal or wood about 3 feet long and ?-inch 
in diameter, through which pellets of clay may be pro- 
pelled by the breath. Such an instrument would be of 
very little use, and we doubt whether any ordinary person 
could propel a ball of clay of this size with sufficient 
velocity to kill any bird at ten yards off. For using clay 
pellets. the bore should not exceed #, or at utmost, }-inch 
diameter, and the length had better be 6 or 8 feet 
than 3. The blow-pipes used in South America are usu- 
ally 8 or to feet long, and under +-inch bore, and with 
these, lizht arrows can be propelled so as to kill birds on 
lofty trees, while with clay pellets, humming-birds are 
easily ki\led at more moderate distances. 
| dynamo-electric generators. 
| methods of MM. Pollard and Cabanellas are expounded. 
The book is strongly and tastefully bound, and should 
be the companion of every sportsman and _ naturalist 
about to visit foreign countries. ARO Wee 
Diagrams of Insects Injurious to Farm Crops; suttablé 
for Elementary Schools. Prepared by Miss E. A. 
Ormerod, Honorary Consulting Entomologist to the 
Royal Agricultural Society of England. 
A SERIES of six large diagrams as follows, issued by the 
Society :—Large White Cabbage Butterfly, Turnip Fly, 
or Flea (the prospectus writes “Flee’’) Beetle, Beet 
Fly, Wire Worm and Click Beetle, Hop Aphis or Green 
Fly, with Ladybird, Daddy Long-legs or Crane-fly. These 
diagrams seem admirably adopted for the purpose in- 
tended, and are accompanied by short explanations, in- 
cluding remedial prescriptions. In her scientific names 
Miss Crmerod puts the cart before the horse, by reversing 
the order of things, and making the lesser include the 
greater. When she indicates Agvzotes ( Eater) lineatus, 
Phyllotreta (Haltica) nemorum, and Phorodon (Aphis) 
kumult, she means that the parenthetical generic term is 
the larger and older, and that the preceding one is a later 
creation by those dreadful specialists; but she does not 
say so, 
Manuel ad’Electrometrie Industrielle. Par R. V. Picou 
(Paris: G. Masson, 1882.) 
THISs is one of the many books which owe their appearance 
to the recent rapid growth of the electrical industries ; 
and may not be inappropriately termed a treatise on 
electric measurements, only a very small section being 
however devoted to electro-chemical quantities. The 
work begins with the ordinary laboratory processes of 
testing resistance, electromotive force, and strength of 
currents, &c. The latter half of the book deals with the 
practical application of such tests to the measurement of 
the electromotive force, resistance, &c., of batteries and 
Under the latter head the 
The author does not appear to be acquainted with the 
| recent testing instruments invented by Professors Ayrton 
and Perry, nor those of Sir W. Thomson, which present 
many advantages over the instruments described by the 
author. There are several glaring defects in the work of 
too important a nature to be passed over. The author 
| gives instructions for making up resistance coils without 
saying a word about the necessity of winding them so as 
to avoid self-induction, and as he cautions the reader to 
use a simple key in testing with Wheatstone’s bridge he 
cannot be aware of the substantial reasons which exist 
| for the use of the British Association key with double- 
successive contact. As the author professes to follow the 
British Association in its system of units he ought not to 
write ‘‘dyne = gramme-masse,’’ because that is exactly 
what the dyne is not. He ought also to know that the 
statement he makes on p. 132 respecting the efficiency of 
electromoters, that the useful work isa maximum when 
the back-electromotive force is equal to half the electro- 
motive force of the generator is not true, and does not 
refer to maximum efficiency but to maximum rate of using 
up power. Students will find the books on kindred sub- 
jects by Kempe and Day of much more use than the 
manual of M. Picou. 
The Falls of Niagara and other Famous Cataracts. By 
G. W. Holley. Illustrations. (London : Hodder and 
Stoughton, 1882.) 
THE bulk of this volume is devoted to Niagara, concern- 
ing which Mr. Holley has brought together a great deal 
of information on its history, geology, and local history 
and incidents, two-thirds of the space being occupied 
with the last section. The information seems to usin the 
main correct, though much of the miscellaneous matter 
included under local history and incidents is of trivial 
—— 
