Feb. 8, 1883 | 
NATURE 
353 
THE QUARTERLY FOURNAL OF 
MICROSCOPICAL SCIENCE 
VTHE January number of this well-known scientific periodical 
appears in so new a form as to call for special notice. 
Under the editorship of Prof. R. Lankester it has long since 
attained a very high standpoint among the high-class journals of 
Europe, but it wanted a little in its general get-up to bring it to 
the very highest level of these, in such details as size, paper, 
and illustrations. No doubt such details are not to be taken 
for more than they are worth, and of late years it will be con- 
ceded by all those whose opinion is worth having that the value 
of the contents of the quarterly numbers of the journal left it in a 
great measure independent of mere typographical superfluities. 
Still it is very pleasant to find this eighty-ninth number of the 
New Series so splendidly got up—its paper and type are such 
as we might expect to find associated with some special mono- 
graph ; while the increased size (royal octavo) enables the illus- 
trations to be given on a scale quite up to anything we have 
been accustomed to in the very first of the German and French 
journals. Let us hope that the enterprise of both Editor and 
Publisher will meet with sufficient reward to enable them to con- 
tinue toshow what can be done in the way of a scientific journal 
in these countries. 
That the contents are worthy of such a shrine is beyond dis- 
pute. Never has Prof, Lankester issued a more important 
number of his journal, as a mere enumeration of the contents as 
follows will show. Dr. E. Klein, On the relation of Pathogenic 
to Septic Bacteria, as illustrated by Anthrax cultivations. This 
paper relates to a most serious question : it is a model of fair 
and judicious criticism of the labours of others, and of skill in 
experimental details. Our space forbids an allu-ion to its con- 
clusions ; but every medical man of any culture should read and 
re-read this memoir. Somewhere Claude Bernard has said,“ Now- 
adays every medical man ¢hinks himself a physiologist.” Such 
would profit by a perusal of this paper if they are able to under- 
stand its full significance.—E. B, Poulton, M.A., On the tongue of 
Perameles nasuta, with some suggestions as to the origin of taste- 
bulbs (Plate 1).—Dr_ L. Elsberg, Plant-cells and living matter. 
—F. O. Bower, M.A., Plasmolysis and its bearing upon the 
relations of cell-wall and protoplasm (Plate 8).—Prof. A. P. 
Thomas, The life-history of the Liver Fluke (Fasciola hepatica), 
(Plates 2 and 3); a most elaborate, complete, and beautifully 
illustrated monograph.—W. F. R. Weldon, B.A., Note on the 
early development of Lacerta muralis (Plates 4-6).—R. V. 
Witlemoes-Suhm (the late), On a crustaceous larva, at one time 
supposed to be the larva of Limulus (Plate 7).—A. G. Bourne, 
B.Sc., On Haplobranchus, a new genus of Capitobranchiate 
annelids (Plate 9).—E. Ray Lankester, M.A., and A. G. 
Bourne, B.Sc., The minute structure of the lateral and the 
central eyes of Scorpio and of Limulus (Plates 10-12). The 
authors find, in the essential agreement of the central eyes of 
Limulus with those of Scorpions, another important detail, 
which confiims the opinion of Prof. Lankester, that the Scor- 
pions and King Crabs are closely-allied representatives of one 
class, the Arachnida. 
UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 
INTELLIGENCE 
Oxrorp.—Dr. E. B. Tylor’s first lecture on Anthropology 
will take place on Thursday, February 15, at 2.30 p.m., at the 
large lecture room at the University Museum, not on Wednes- 
day, the 14th, as previously announced. The second lecture 
will be given at the same hour and place on Wednesday, the 21st. 
The voting for ‘‘ elected members” of the new Boards of 
Faculties took place last Saturdav. The electors were the 
Members of Convocation, authorised by the Colleges to teach in 
the subjects of the various faculties. Mathematics and Natural 
Science are included in one faculty -that of Natural Science. 
As there are more college lecturers in Mathematics than in 
Natural Science, it was resolved at a preliminary meeting of the 
electors to choose five mathematicians and five teachers of 
Natural Science to occupy the ten places which were to be filled 
up. Ten names were then agreed upon, but at the formal 
meeting another mathematician and another scientist were pro- 
posed so that it became necessary to vote. The ten names 
before agreed upon were those chosen, the mathematicians 
naturally heading the list. They are Messrs. ¥V. Esson, F.R.S., 
Merton, C. J. Faulkner, University, C. Leudesdorf, Pem- 
broke, E. B. Elliott, Queen’s, and J. W. Russell, Balliol, 
as representatives of mathematics; Messrs. R. E, Baynes, 
Christ Church, as a representative of Physics; Messrs. J. Watts, 
Merton, and A. G. Vernon Harcourt, F.R.S., Christ Church, 
as representatives of Chemistry; and Messrs. E. B, Poulton, 
Keble, and W. H. Jackson, New, as representatives of Biology. 
The Professors of Mathematics and Natural Science are ex 
officio members of the Board, 
The Examiners for the Radcliffe Travelling Fellowship give 
notice that the examination will eommence at the Museum on 
February 13. 
The Examiners for the Burdett-Coutts Geological Scholarship 
give notice that the examination will commence on February 12. 
The serious illness of Prof. Henry J. S. Smith is causing 
much anxiety in the University. 
CAMBRIDGE.—The syndicate appointed to frame regulations 
on the subject of the degree of Doctor in Science or Letters 
report that they think it important that precautions should be 
taken to secure that whenever a degree in Science or Letters is 
granted, the provisions of the statute requiring that the candi- 
date shall have given proof of distinction by some original con- 
tribution to the advancement of science or learning have been 
bond fide complied with ; but they think it undesirable to require 
from candidates any additional examination or special act or 
exercise. Considering that it is desirable to encourage the more 
distinguished graduates to turn their thoughts towards original 
work at a comparatively early age, and that it is not uncommon 
for able men to be elected Fellows of the Royal Society at the 
age of thirty or thereabouts, the Syndicate are of opinion that 
five years will be a sufficient interval between the degrees of 
M.A. and D.S. or D.L. The Syndicate think that it is to be 
wished that some of the older graduates in Arts should proceed 
to their new degrees. They think that the probability of this 
would be increased if the seniority of all those who so proceed 
within a limited time were reserved to them, The Syndicate 
have carefully considered the difficulty which may arise from the 
ambiguity of the term ‘‘ Science.” They are of opinion that no 
regulations can be laid down drawing a clear line between 
claims for a degree in Science and claims for a degree in 
Letters. 
The Syndicate have drawn up a code of regulations to the 
effect of the above. ‘The fee to be payable for the degree of 
either Doctor of Science or Letters to be 20/. 
Candidates’ applications are to be sent to the Chairman of the 
Special Board of Studies with which their original contribution 
is most closely connected, specifying the printed contribution or 
contributions for which the degree is sought. The applicatron 
is to be considered by a committee, and the contributions re- 
ported on by at least two persons, who may be members of the 
committee or not. Ifthe Special Board report in favour of the 
candidate, the General Board of Studies is to have a voice in the 
matter, and if they approve, the Vice-Chancellor is to publish 
the name as approved. 
The following are nominated Electors to the Professorships 
named :— 
Chemistry.—Professors A, W. Williamson, Lord Rayleigh, 
Dewar, Frankland; Doctors Phear (Emmanuel College), and 
Ferrers (Caius), Prof. Fuller (of Aberdeen), and Mr. Coutts 
Trotter. 
Jacksonian of Natural Philosophy.—Professors A. W. Wil- 
liamson, G. G. Stokes, G. D. Liveing, Dr. Hugo Miiller, 
F.R.S., Dr. M. Foster, Mr. P. T. Main, Prof. Fuller (Aber- 
deen), and Mr. Coutts Trotter. 
Cavendish of Experimental Physics.—Sir W. R. Grove, 
Prof. G. G. Stokes, G. H. Darwin, Sir W. Thomson, R,. B. 
Clifton, G. D. Liveing, James Stuart, and Mr. W. D. Niven. 
The Smith’s Mathematical Prizes are awarded to Messrs. 
Welsh, Jesus College (1), and Turner, Trinity College (2). 
The Balfour Fund now amounts to about 4130/., in addition 
to the 4000/. contributed by his relatives and by Dr. Foster. 
DuRINc last year there entered at the University of “Upsala 
330 students. In 1881, the number was 312; in 1880, 263 ; in 
1879, 259; in 1878, 243. 
SCIENTIFIC SERIALS 
Fournal de Physique, January, 1883.—On the metallic gra- 
tings of Mr. Rowland, by M. Mascart.—/éswmé of experiments 
made at the Exhibition of Electricity, on magneto- and dynamo- 
