426 
the motion of Dr. Siemens, seconded by Prof. Abel, Mr. Magnus 
was thanked for his address. In seconding a vote of thanks to 
the Chairman, Alderman Sir Sydney Waterlow said their success 
was attributable to the generous aid of the Livery Companies, 
and he appealed to them to render permanent those grants 
hitherto given at their pleasure. 
SCIENTIFIC SERIALS 
The Fournal of Anatomy and Physiology, vol, xvii. Part 2, 
January, 1883, contains :—On a method for the estimation of 
urea in the blood, Part 1, by Dr. J. B. Haycraft.—On the 
homologies of the long flexor-muscles of the feet of Mammalia, 
with remarks on the value of their leading modifications in 
classification, by Dr. G. E. Dobson (Plates 4-6).—On ob- 
literative endarteritis and the inflammuitory changes in the 
coats of the small vessels, by Dr. R. Saundby (Pl. 7).—The 
presence of a tympanum in the genus Raia, by G. B. Howes 
(Pl. 8).—The ligamentum teres, by J. B. Sutton (Pl. 8).— 
Fibrinous coagula in the left ventricle, by Dr. A. M‘Aldowie 
(Pl. 9).—A simple method of demonstrating the nerves of the 
epiglottis ; the trachealis muscle of man and animals; the sulpho- 
cyanides of ammonium and potassium as histological reagents, 
by Dr. Wm. Stirling.—A new theory as to the functions of the 
semicircular canals, by Dr. P. M‘Bride.—Some points on the 
myology of the common pigeon, by W. A. Haswell, M.A.—The 
action of saline cathartics, by Dr. M. Hay (Pl. 10).—Some 
yariations in the bones of the human carpus ; a first dorsal ver- 
tebra with a foramen at the root of the transverse process, by 
Prof. W. Turner, M.B.—Multiple renal arteries, by Dr. Mac- 
alister.—Division of the scaphoid bone of the carpus, with 
notes on other varieties of the carpal bones, by Dr. R. J. 
Anderson. 
Fournal of the Royal Microscopical Society, December, 1882, 
contains :—On some organisms found in the excrements of the 
domestic goat and the goose, by Dr. R. L. Maddox (V1. 7).— 
On a further improvement in the Groves- Williams ether-freezing 
microtome, by J. W. Groves.—Summary of current researches 
relating to zoology and botany (principally Invertebrata and 
Cryp'ogamia), microscopy, &c., including original communica- 
tions from Fellows and others.—The proceedings of the Society. 
February, 1883, contains :—Observations on the anatomy of 
the Oribatiiz, by Dr. A. D. Michel (plates 1 and 2).—On a 
minute form of parasitical Protophyte, by G. F, Dowdeswell, 
M.A.—On the use of incandescence lamps, as accessories to the 
microscope, by H. C. Stearn, with figure—and the usual sum- 
mary of current researches relating to botany and zoology. 
Revue internationale des Sciences, December, 15, 1882, con- 
tains :—On the Nofoures of New Guinea, by Elie Reclus.—On 
movements and sensibility in plants (finis), by J. L. de Lanessan. 
—Reviews.—Notices of learned Societies: the Academy of 
Sciences, Paris ; the Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam. 
January 15, 1883, contains :—On the localisation of the cere- 
bral functions in the cerebral hemispheres in man and animals, 
by Julius Nathan.—On the development of colours in flowers, 
by H. Miiller.—On cell-division or cytodieresis, by L. F. Hen- 
neguy.—On the vaginal stopper in rodents, by Dr. Lataste.— 
On the adulterations in provisions in Paris, by M, Egasse. 
Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Bd. 37, Heft 4, 
December 22, 1882, contains :—On the Coelenterata of the 
South Sea, No. 1.—On Cyanea aunaskala, nov. sp., by Dr. R. 
y. Lendenfeld, of Melbourne (Plates 27 to 33; Pl. 27, a coloured 
representation of the new species).—Contribution to the anatomy, 
developmental history, and general biology of Trombidium 
fulizinosum, Herm., by H. Henking (Plates 34-36).—On some 
facts in the life-history of freshwater polyps, and on a new form 
of Hydra viridis, by Wm. Marshall, of Leipsig (P]. 37).—Sup- 
plementary remarks on Dino, hilus, by Dr. E. Korschelt. 
SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES 
LONDON 
Royal Society, February 22.—‘‘ On the Effects of Tempe- 
rature on the Electromotive Force and Resistance of Batteries,” 
by W. H. Preece, F.R.S. 
That heat has considerable influence on the condition of gal- 
vanic elements is well known, and it has been investigated by De 
la Rive, Faraday, Daniell, and many others. Some attribute 
the result to increased chemical affinity, and others to increased 
NATURE 
[March 1, 1883 
conductivity of the liquid, but no one has eliminated the effect 
on electromotive force from that on internal resistance with the 
view of expressing each in definite measurement. This the 
author has done. Special apparatus was made, so as to vary 
the temperature, and a very careful series of experiments were 
made upon Daniell, Leclanché, and bichromate of potash cells, 
measuring the electromotive force and resi:tance at each change 
of temperature in rising and falling between o° and 100° C. The 
results are tabulated and plotted out as diagrams. 
The conclusions are (1) that the E.M.F. is not materially 
affected by changes of temperature ; (2) that the internal resist- 
ance is affected very materially according to a fixed law that’ 
apparently varies with every cell. A Daniell’s cell at 100°C. 
has only one-third the resistance it his ato° C. Between 10° 
and 20° C. it falls one half. Bichromate and Leclanché cells, 
though much reduced, are not reduced to the same extent ; (3) 
when a liquid is warmed up, its resistance at the same tempera- 
ture in cooling is greater than when it was being warmed up, 
and it takes a very long time (fifty hours) to recover its normal 
condition. 
Chemical Society, February 15.—Dr. Gilbert, president, in 
the chair.—It was announced that a ballot for the election of 
Fellows would take place at the next meeting (March 1).—The 
following proposed changes in the list of officers were also 
announced :—Prof, G. D, Liveing and Dr. A. Voelcker as 
vice-presidents instead of Professors J. Dewar and A. V. 
Harcourt ; Prof. Dittmar, Dr. W. R. E. Hodgkinson, Messrs. 
P. D. Howard, and RK. Meldola as members of Council instead 
of Dr. T. E. Thorpe, and Messrs. F, D. Brown, J. M. Thom- 
son, and W. Thorp.—The following papers were read :—On 
some derivatives of diphenylene ketone oxide, by A. G. Perkin. 
During the preparation of this substance from salicylic acid and 
acetic anhydride, a body was noticed which was separated out 
as transparent, satiny plates containing 75°2 per cent. carbon, 
and 4 per cent. hydrogen. The author has also investigated 
the action of nitric acid, of bromine, and of sulphuric acid on 
the above substance. —On a-ethyl yalerolacton, a-ethyl 8-methyl 
valerolacton, and on a remarkable decomposition of B-ethyl 
aceto-succinic ether, by S. Young. 
Anthropological Institute, February 13.—Prof. W. H. 
Flower, F.R.S., president, in the chair.—Mr. Colquhoun read 
a paper on the aboriginal and other tribes of Yiinnan and the 
Shan country. Mr, Colquhoun first dwelt upon the races of the 
South China borderlands. Between Canton and Nan-ning (one 
of the important towns on the Si-Kiang in Kwang-si), the 
inhabitants met with were pure Chinese. West of that to the 
Yiinnan frontier, a mixed population on the river and aboriginal 
tribes in the interior were found. Throughout Yiinnan the 
chief population consisted of Shans disguised under a great 
variety of tribal names. Lo-lo and Miao-tzii aborigines were 
met with, as well as Thibetans under the name of Kutsung. 
On the west side of Yiinnan Mahomedans are numerous, pre- 
sumably the remains of the armies of Ginghis Khan. The 
costumes are most varied and picturesque, and the Shans and all 
the aboriginal people were kind, frank, and hospitable, and in 
these respects and in their feet being uncrushed offer a great 
contrast to the Chinese. Besides the tribes met with, Mr. 
Colquhoun pointed out that there were in the north and north- 
west Yiinnan, as well as in Ssii-chuan, four divisions, namely 
Li-ssit, Moro, Sifan, and Mantzt. A great similarity of lan- 
guage exists between the Lo-lo, Li-sst, Sifan, and Burmese. 
The large area over which the Shan population is distributed 
was pointed out, and the habitat of the Karens and Lawas. The 
paper was illustrated by part of a collection of admirable photo- 
graphs and sketches made during Mr, Colquhoun’s late explora- 
tion, exhibited by means of the oxhydrogen light. These form 
a portion of the illustrations which will appear in Mr. Col- 
quhoun’s forthcoming account of his late journey. 
Geological Society, February 16th, Annual General Meeting. 
—J. W. Hulke, F.R.S., president, in the Chair.—The Sec- 
retaries read the Reports of the Council and of the Litrary and 
Museum Committee for the year 1882, The Council expressed 
their regret that, owing probably to the same causes as last year, 
they could announce no material advance in the prosperity of the 
Society, a!though its financial position was well maintained, the 
balance at the close of 1882 showing an increase over that of 
the previous year, notwithstanding a large expenditure upon the 
Quarterly Journal, The total number of Fellows was diminished by 
one, but there was an increase of nine in the number of contributing 
