372 t)R. M. WATSON ON THE [May 1, 



the size of a small pea, and eacli provided with a single duct which 

 perforates the fundus of the pouch by means of one of the little 

 apertures previously described. 



Bladder and Urethra. — The bladder is small in size, and regularly 

 pyriform. It passes insensibly into the urethra ; so that it is difficult 

 to say where the former ends and the latter begins. It is, with the 

 exception of the base, entirely covered with peritoneum, which 

 forms three ligaments to the viscus. Two of these pass upward to 

 connect it with the uterine cornua, and one downwards to attach it 

 to the anterior abdominal wall. The ureters are provided with 

 thick muscular walls, and enter ihe bladder close to the orifice of 

 the urethra. This tube measures only 1| inch in length, and passes 

 backwards, resting against the corpus uteri to open into the uro- 

 genital canal, its orifice being separated from the os uteri by a single 

 semilunar fold of mucous membrane. 



Ovaries. — Each of these bodies is of an oval flattened form, having 

 its long axis placed transversely, and its anterior and posterior surfaces 

 somewhat flattened. Each measures rather more than half an inch in 

 length and about a fourth of an inch in thickness. The ovary ia 

 retained in position by two stout ligaments, one of which is attached to 

 the inner, the other to its outer extremity. The former attaches the 

 ovary to the outer extremity of the corresponding uterine horn, and 

 measures half an inch in length. By means of the; latter, wliich 

 measures 5 inches in length, the ovary is fixed to the posterior sur- 

 face of the diaphragm. Each of these ligaments consists of a fibrous 

 cord, and each is covered by peritoneum. The ovary is placed in a 

 peritoneal pouch of size sufficient to contain a large walnut. The 

 opening of this pouch is considerably narrowed, and in the natural 

 position of the parts is directed upwards (towards the spine of the 

 animal) so that ova, as they pass from the surface of the ovary must 

 almost necessarily be caught by it. This pouch is formed by a redupli- 

 cation of the broad ligament of the uterus, and appears to be, so to 

 speak, suspended from the uterine and diaphragmatic ligaments of the 

 ovary, hanging vertically below that organ, which is placed just 

 within the entrance to the sac. The posterior free margin of the 

 pouch is formed by the ovary togetlier with its uterine and diaphrag- 

 matic ligaments, whilst its anterior margin is formed by the free 

 edge of the peritoneal fold and, to a less extent, by the fimbriated 

 extremity of the Fallopian tube. 



Fallopian Tube. — In order to be explicit, I must here state that 

 by the term Fallopian tube I understand so much of the oviduct as 

 extends from its fimbriated extremity to the point of attachment to it 

 of the uterine ligament of the ovary. That portion of the oviduct 

 which extends from the attachment of this ligament to its junction 

 with its fellow of the opposite side, 1 regard as constituting the horn 

 of the uterus. The Fallopian tube, as tlius defined, measures between 

 2^ and 3 inches in length, and describes a U-shaped flexure from 

 the one extremity to the other, the concavity of the U in the natural 

 position of the parts being directed upward. The free extremity of 

 the Fallopian tube lies in contact with the anterior free margin of 



