22 mr. e. j. miers on crustacea from [jan. 14, 



Alpheid.e. 



Alpheus bisincisus, De Haan. Japan, Katsura, Corean Channel : 

 p. 53. 



A.japonicus, n. Japanese seas (North Pacific coast) : p. 53. 



A. kingsleyi, n. Japanese seas (North Pacific coast) : p. 54. 



A. gracilipes, Stm. ? Corean Channel, Tahiti: p. 55. 



Rhijnchocijclus planirostris (De Haan). Japan, Ly-i-moon Straits, 

 near Hong Kong: p. 55. 



Hippolgteleptoffnatha, Stm. Japan, Grulf ofYedo, Hakodadi:p.56. 



Pandalus gracilis, Stm. Corean Channel, Gulf of Hakodadi : p. 5 6. 



Pen^tdea. 



PEN.EIDiE. 



PencBUS affinis, M.-Edw. Japanese and Corean seas, Indo-Pacific 

 region : p. 56. 



Cumacea. 

 Heterocuma sarsi, gen. and sp. n. Corean and Japanese seas: p. 58. 

 E. sarsi, var. granulata, n. Corean Channel: p. 58. 



Remarks on the Geographical Distribution of the Species. 

 The Crustacean fauna of Japan includes many species of restricted 

 range and peculiar to the seas of Eastern Asia, besides many of the 

 common and widely-spread littoral Indo-Pacific forms ; but it also 

 presents affinities with the European and especially the Mediter- 

 ranean fauna, and that of the west coast of the American continent. 

 As illustrating the European aflanities I may note the occurrence, 

 both in the South-European and Japanese seas, of such well-known 

 genera as Achceus, Ebalia, and Eupagurus, and the remarkable genus 

 Latreillia (of this latter I have seen no specimens), and of the Por- 

 tuniis corrugatus, Pennant, originally described from the British 

 coast ; moreover the Penceus distinctus, De Haan, is either identical 

 with or closely allied to the Mediterranean Solenocera siphonocera, 

 Philippi, and in the present collection occur species of the genera 

 Mcera and Pycnogonum, scarcely distinct from the well-known 

 European M. truncatipes and P. littorale. The last-mentioned is a 

 boreal species ; but the instances above given (and others which 

 might be cited) show that the relationship which does exist is not 

 confined to forms which may have made their way from Europe to 

 Japan along the northern shores of Asia. 



The affinity of the Japanese with the Western-American Crusta- 

 cean fauna is similarly evidenced by the existence of many genera 

 common to the shores of both regions, the species being either iden- 

 tical or very closely allied, so closely, indeed, that further comparative 

 study might show the relationship is even more near than is now 

 suspected. Instances in the present collection are the genera Pu- 

 gettia, Oregonia, Trichocarcinus, Telmessus, Heterograpsus, Hapa- 

 logaster, Puchycheles, Paracrangon, Rhynchocyclus, among the 

 Podophthalmia. 



Many of the genera thus common to the two regions are scarcely 



